J' 
> m ? B 1922 
AMERICAN 
JOURNAL OF BOTANY 
Vol. IX January, 1922 No. i 
ECOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF PLANTS IN SOUTHEASTERN 
MISSOURI 
J. C. Th. Uphof 
(Received for publication April 26, 192 1) 
The state of Missouri can be divided physiographically into three distinct 
regions: (i) the prairie region or glacial plain in the northwest and a prairie 
region in the middle west; (2) the Ozark region toward the south, southwest, 
and partly southeast ; and (3) the lowlands in the southeastern corner. 
The writer has made his botanical observations in the southeastern part 
of the state; to which belong a large part of the Ozark uplift and the low- 
lands in the extreme southeast. Counties which were mainly studied are 
Madison, Iron, Reynolds, Wayne, St. Francois, Bollinger, Carter, Ripley, 
Butler, where an important part of the Ozark Mountains is located, and 
Butler, Stoddard, Scott, Mississippi, New Madrid, DunkHn, and Pemiscot, 
where most of the lowlands are found. 
The plant growth of this section of the state has hardly been studied; 
therefore no data of other investigators could be examined with the exception 
of those who explored other parts of Missouri such as Mackenzie (4), 
Daniels (2), and Hus (3). Only Bush (i) made some collections in this part 
of the state, and published a list of specimens found. 
The author is much indebted for the kind help he received from Mr. C. 
A. Gierth of Poplar Bluff, Mo. 
Excursions were made by the writer in 191 8 throughout the entire 
spring and summer; the various plant associations in relation to their 
environment were studied, with the exception of those which are the result 
of the activities of mankind, such as the plant growth along canals, rail- 
roads, on cultivated farms, and so on. 
The Ozark region, as it appears in the counties above named and in 
others not mentioned here, is composed not of an arrangement of mountain 
chains but of short ridges and rounded peaks with numerous valleys. The 
highest peaks in this part are to be found in Iron County, attaining a height 
of 540 meters ; in this county occur the greatest variations in altitude of the 
entire Ozark Mountains; in St. Francois County the highest elevation is 
about 330 meters; whereas the highest hill in Butler County is about 200 
meters above sea level. 
[The Journal for December (471-533) was issued Feb. 15, 1922. 
