June, 1922] HANSON — PRAIRIE INCLUSIONS IN FOREST 
Description of the Stations 
One of these fragments was selected for detailed study (fig. i). It was 
located on a very steep south slope surrounded on all sides by a dense forest 
composed of Quercus rubra, Q. veliUina Lam., Hicoria ovata, H. cordiformis 
(Wang.) Britton, Ulmus fulva Michx., Tilia americana L., and others. The 
northern slope of the ridge on which this fragment was located was just as 
steep as the southern slope, but it was forested. Between the forest and 
the prairie was a narrow zone of shrubs, often denser than the forest itself. 
Fig. I. Deciduous forest in SDutheastern Nebraska, where prairie inclusions occur. 
The chief shrubs in this zone were Rhus glabra L., Cornus femina Mill., 
Zanthoxylum americanum Mill., Symphoricarpos symphoricarpos (L.) 
MacM., Salix humilis Marsh., and Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze; 
and the vine Celastrtis scandens L. was very frequently encountered. Seed- 
lings and saplings of Quercus macrocarpa, Q. muhlenbergii Engelm., Ulmus 
fulva, and Hicoria cordiformis were also frequent in this zone. A narrow 
and poorly defined zone of Querctis macrocarpa, Ulmus fulva, and Q. muhlen- 
bergii was found in places between the shrub and red oak-hickory forest. 
In the prairie the four bunch grasses were dominant. The principal herbs, 
Petalostemum candidum (Willd.) Michx., P. purpureum (Vent.) Rydb., 
Lithospermum linearifolium Goldie, L. carolinense (Walt.) MacM., Astraga- 
lus missouriensis Nutt., Verbena stricta Vent., Laciniaria punctata (Hook.) 
Kuntze, and Solidago sp., and the shrubs, Rhus glabra and Toxicodendron 
radicans, were scattered, especiall}^ over the lower part of the slope ; Ceanothus 
ovatus Desf. and Amorpha canescens Pursh were scattered, and a clump of 
