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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 
[Vol. 9. 
placed pockets of palisade cells. Fig. 72. Longitudinal tangential section showing three 
clusters of oriented palisade cells at A. Fig. 73. Tangential section showing four clusters 
of palisade cells and three intervening groups of tramal hyphae at C. Ocular 3, objective 
6, bellows 40 cm. 
Figs. 74-76. A series of sections of a carpophore slightly older than the one shown 
in previous sections. Fig. 74. Longitudinal median section through two oppositely 
placed pockets of palisade cells. Fig. 75. Longitudinal tangential section showing four 
pockets indicated by A, in which the second pocket from the left is beginning to open, 
forming an interlamellar space. Fig. 76. Longitudinal tangential section through the 
margin of the carpophore, showing three pockets of palisade cells (A) not yet open. Ocular 
3, objective 6, bellows 40 cm. 
Figs. 77-79. A series of sections of a carpophore still older. Fig. 77. Longitudinal 
tangential section near the margin of the pilear region, showing two pockets of palisade 
hyphae. Fig. 78. Longitudinal tangential section near the stipe, showing two well- 
developed interlamellar cavities; two pockets of palisade cells on either side at the margin. 
Fig. 79. Longitudinal tangential section still nearer the stipe, showing four distinct 
interlamellar cavities and a marginal pocket of palisade cells to the left. Ocular 3, objec- 
tive 6, bellows 40 cm. 
Figs. 80-82. A series of sections of a young carpophore with secondary gills. Fig. 
80. Longitudinal section near the margin, showing four pockets of palisade cells; the 
middle two lie close together, indicating the presence of a secondary gill between them, as 
shown in figure 81 which is a longitudinal tangential section nearer the stipe showing a 
short gill which in more eccentric sections is attached to the fundamental tissue below it. 
Fig. 82. A section still nearer the median, showing the disappearance of the short gill and 
the presence of four gill cavities and three young lamellae continuous with the fundamental 
tissue below them. Ocular 4, objective 3, bellows 50 cm. 
Plate XXXIV 
Fig. 83. Longitudinal section near the stipe, showing attachment of mature gills to 
the fundamental tissue. Ocular 3, objective 3, bellows 45 cm. 
Fig. 84. Cross section of a carpophore showing the disintegration of the fundamental 
tissue between the gills and stipe; no spores are present at the margins of the gills. The 
globular cells seen on the surface of the pileus in earlier stages have disappeared, leaving a 
fluted surface. Ocular 3, objective 6, bellows 20 cm. 
Fig. 91. Portion of a cross section of the pileus of Coprinus stercorarius , showing the 
attachment of the primary gills to the stipe. 
Fig. 92. Portion of a longitudinal tangential section of a carpophore of the same age, 
showing the young gills still attached to the fundamental tissue; it shows clearly the type 
of cells covering the pileus which give it its scaly appearance. 
Fig. 93. Portion of a longitudinal median section. Ocular i, objective 3, bellows 
20-25 cm. for figures 91-93. 
Plate XXXV 
Fig. 85. Early stages in the development of a carpophore of C. stercorarius grown 
on agar. The weft of hyphae arising from a number of cells below the surface of the agar, 
shown at A. Ocular 4, objective 3, bellows 20 cm. 
Fig. 86. Early stages in the development of a carpophore of C. stercorarius on the 
stipe of an older button. B, a portion of the cross section of the older stipe. Ocular 4, 
objective 3, bellows 20 cm. 
Fig. 87. Early stages in differentiation of a young carpophore of C. stercorarius, 
showing the development of the pilear mass. Ocular 4, objective 3, bellows 20 cm. 
Fig. 88. Longitudinal median section of young carpophore with long, attenuated 
