102 BULLETIN OF WISCONSIN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. VOL. 1, NO. 2. 
moist places, reaches considerable height, and individuals a foot 
and more in diameter are common. The next tree in order of 
frequency is Abies balsam ea, which seems to reach greater dimen- 
sions here than elsewhere in the state. Hemlock and black spruce 
are common, but not by any means as much so as the two species 
first named. Of the hemlock, many vigorous young trees were 
noticed, in contrast to many places farther in the interior of the 
state. Tamarack is occasionally found in swampy places. Of 
hardwoods, there are occasional specimens of the paper birch, and 
of three kinds of poplar, Populus tremuloides, balsamifera and 
grandidentata. Of underbrush there was noticed, at Egg Harbor, 
Ainelanchier canadensis, Ribes cynosbati, Rhus hirta, Rosa sp., 
Sali.v sp. All of these are rather sparse ; the latter was'fotmd only 
on the double spit projutting from the southwest side of the mouth 
of the bay. 
Among non-arborescent species found in bloom on May 29, 
1897, at Egg Harbor, I may mention : Cypripedium pubescens, 
sparingly on the ridge; Trillium grandifionnn, Antcnnaria plan- 
taginifolia, Clintonia borealis, Viola pubcscens; on the beach 
proper, near the spit, and growing invariably under the protection 
of sticks of drift wood, there w3.sPriiniila mistassinica ; in the same 
locality, as well as throughout the wooded portion, were many 
patches of some species of violet, one of those into which the old 
Viola cucullata has lately been split up. It was noticeable that all 
these violets were almost wholly glabrous. In the same locality, 
but higher up and within at least partial shade. Iris lacustris was 
copious. 
The original forest on these forelands has in the neighborhood 
of the villages been largely removed and wide, grass-grown past- 
ures have taken its place. On these pastures there are, at Egg 
Harbor, and still more conspicuously at Fish Creek, frequent 
clumps of Juniperus coimnnnis var. alpina, which is so character- 
istic of many places along the lake shore. 
The hardwood forest of the uplands is extending its sway 
upon these forelands, using as channels of invasion the breaks in 
the cliff afforded by the fjord-valleys and an occasional smaller 
ravine. At the northeast side of Egg Harbor, the interval be- 
tween the cliff and the water's edge is of more than ordinary 
breadth. Here a swamp is found between the clift'-talus and the 
beach-ridge. In this swamp, Fraxiiuis nigra occupies the center, 
being surrounded by a very dense ring of arbor vitae. A little 
farther up Tilia Americana and Acer barbatnni, typical upland 
trees, make their appearance. They are accompanied by upland 
herbs, such as Aralia nudicaulis. Two herbs which are very con- 
