148 BULLETIN OF WISCONSIN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. VOL. 1. NO. 3. 
Five species of Lonicera belong to the flora of Milwaukee 
County, four of which are indigenous, while the fifth, L. tatarica, 
L., has escaped from our gardens and has succeeded in gaining 
a strong foothold at various points around the city. In this 
country observations have been recorded on the fertilization of 
2 of our species : L. ciliata, Muhl. and L. Sullivantii, Gray and 
in Germany on L. taiarica, L., while of our 2 remaining species : 
dioica, L. and L. ohJongifolia, Miihl. no account has been 
given as yet. In the following the species are to be considered 
in the order of the appearance of their first flowers. 
Lonicera ciliata, Muhl. American Fly Honeysuckle* 
(Fig. 3.) 
This is the earliest of our honeysuckles, its blooming period 
extending from ]\Iay 4. to ]\Iay 17. It figures on Wheeler's list 
of the flora of IMilwaukee County, but seems to be a rare plant 
in our surroundings ; the only specimen I have ever seen, was 
found about half a mile west of Soldier's Home, in Johnson's 
woods, in the spring of the present year. Lovell (9) has given an 
account of the fertilization of this species and reported the visits 
of a bumble-bee, Bonibiis vagans, Sm. 9 "and several small 
bees", without mentioning the names of the latter. The green- 
ish-yellow flowers are pendulous and have a funnel-shaped corolla 
of 16 mm. length, 11 mm. of which indicate the length of the 
tube. The five lobes of the corolla being equal, there is not the 
slightest trace of the formation of an upper and a lower lip, as 
is often the case with honeysuckles. Near its base the tube 
bears a spur-like gibbosity, the seat of the nectary and which is 
usually filled with honey. The corolla tube has a width of 
5 mm. at its mouth but it gradually becomes narrower towards 
the base. Hairs on the wall of the tube in its narrower portion 
prevent the nectar from flowing downward and protect it some- 
what from unbidden guests. As soon as the lobes of the corolla 
open, the capitate stigma, which is already receptive, appears in 
the mouth of the corolla, about 2 mm. in advance of the anthers. 
A short time later the anthers begin to empty their pollen. Pro- 
terogyny is therefore present, but in a slight degree only. 
The width of the tube enables small bees of the genera 
Osmia and Hal ictus to crawl up into the flower and obtain nectar, 
while larger bees, as for example the species of Andrena observed 
as visitors can insert their heads only. The position of the 
stigma in the entrance to the flower and in advance of the anthers 
favors cross-fertilization, as the insects are apt to strike the 
(9) John H. Lovell. The Visitors of the Caprifoliaceae. The American Naturalist, Vol. 
XXXIV. p. 45. 1900. 
