Spray Formulas, Etc. 
We are endeavoring to give you here a little information in regard to a few common 
fruit diseases and insects, also a few common spray formulas to use in combating them. 
It seems as though the farmer was obliged to more and more combat insects and fungus 
diseases, but if fruit growing is to be a success, they must be overcome. The public is 
demanding good, clean fruit and in the great specialized fruit centers, the growers are 
using the latest up-to-date methods in combating these enemies, and as a result are 
securing the best of fruit. In order to prevent these highly successful western growers 
from taking our markets, we must manage our business along similar lines. That means 
that we must pay more attention to our insect enemies and fungus diseases. The 
smaller grower is fast learning these things and the spray pump is making its way into 
all parts of the country where fruit growing is giving the people their livelihood. 
SPRAY FORMULAS 
Bordeaux : 
4 lbs. Copper Sulphate (Blue Vitrol). 
4 lbs. Stone Lime. 
50 gals. Water. 
For general details of making. Bulletin 135 by 
111. Exp. Sta. is very good and may be obtained by 
writing to the Station. 
Corrosive Sublimate (Mercuric Bichloride) : 
1 part to 1000 of Water. 
1 tablet (secured from druggist) to 1 pt. Water. 
Lime Sulphur (Self Boiled) : 
8 lbs. Stone Lime. 
8 lbs. Flowers of Sulphur. 
50 gals. Water. 
Lime Sulphur (Home-made, dilute) : 
20 lbs. Stone Lime. 
20 lbs. Flowers of Sulphur. 
50 gals. Water. 
Boil thoroughly 1 hr. 
Details very similar to Commercial Lime Sulphur. 
Commercial Lime Sulphur. Concentrated : 
For San Jose Scale — Dilute 1 part to 9 of water. 
For further details, see Bulletin 115 of Penna. Exp. 
Sta. 
Arsenate of Lead (paste) : 
5 lbs. to 50 gals. Water. 
Paris Green : 
1 lb. to 200-250 gals. Water. 
Kerosene Emulsion: 
% lb. Soft Soap. 
2 gals. Kerosene. 
1 gal. Water. 
Dissolve soap in hot water, pour in kerosene and 
stir thoroughly for five to ten minutes. 
Dilute as follows : 
For dormant trees 5-7 parts Water. 
For Aphis on foliage 10-15 parts Water. 
INSECTS AND FUNGUS DISEASES 
Codling Moth- Attacks fruit of apple and pear 
trees. Spray with Arsenate of Lead when petals are 
falling, making sure to direct the spray into the 
blossoms with a powerful pressure. 
San Jose Scale — Spray in spring before buds open 
with Home-made Lime Sulphur or Commercial Lime 
Sulphur 1-9. 
Alphis — Attacks apples and cherries principally. 
Spray just as buds are swelling and before the small 
leaves have separated, with Kerosene Emulsion or 
Tobacco Preparation. Second spray one month after 
leaves open. The first spraying is by far the most 
important, as the aphids will crawl into the axils of 
leaves and hide as soon as they begin to open and 
then it is impossible to reach them with spray. 
Red Bug — Attacks fruit of apples just after it has 
set, causing the small, gnarly apples so often seen 
in the centers and lower branches of trees. When 
spraying for Codling Moth, add to the Arsenate of 
Lead "Black Leaf 40," or some similar prepara- 
tion, 1 pt. to 100 gals., which will control both. 
Peach Borers — Recognized by gummy exudations 
filled with sawdust near base of tree. Dig them out 
with knife in May and October. After digging in 
May, spray with a very thick solution of Lime Sul- 
phur, adding Arsenate 3 lbs. to 50 gals. Then 
mound earth about the trunks. 
Asparagus Beetles — Spray with Arsenate of Lead, 
3 lbs. to 50 gals., as each brood appears. In this 
latitude there are 3 broods each season. 
Peach Leaf Curl — If the San Jose Scales spraying 
is made early in the spring before the buds swell, it 
will control the Leaf Curl at the same time. 
Brown Rot and Peach Scab— Attacks peaches and 
cherries. For peaches, spray when the fruit is the 
size of Hickory Nuts and again one month later 
with Self-boiled Lime Sulphur. 
Apple Scab — Spray just before blossoms open when 
the stems have separated, with Bordeaux 4-4-50. 
Second spraying, at time of Codling Moth, use Com- 
mercial Lime Sulohur, 1 gal. to 150 gals, water, or 
Self-boiled Lime Sulphur. The Arsenate of Lead can 
be mixed with the Lime Sulphur without any bad 
effects. Apple Scab must have still another spraying 
two weeks later with Lime Sulphur. It is absolutely 
necessary to treat this three times. Not one can be 
omitted without trouble following. 
Pear Blight — Cut out and burn all infected parte 
at once. Be sure to cut several inches below the 
dead wood, so as to reach healthy tissues. Be sure 
to dip and wipe the knife or saw in Corrosive Subli- 
mate after each cut. 
Black Knot — Attacks cherry and plum. Cut out 
and burn all affected parts, as in Pear Blight, using 
the same method of sterilization. 
Peach Yellows and Little Peach — Cut out and burn 
these trees as soon as discovered. 
