UPWARD TRANSLOCATION OF FOODS IN WOODY PLANTS II9 
for a second three hours. The filtrate was then freed of alcohol, hydrolyzed 
with 10 percent hydrochloric acid for three minutes and tested for reducing 
sugar. The results are recorded in table 14. 
Evidently somewhat less sugar was extracted in this way than was 
extracted in 80 percent alcohol. The ratio of the sugar content between 
rings to that above, however, is nearly the same in both determinations. 
These are respectively 2.74 to i and 2.89 to i. The alcohol was removed 
from the residue by heating under vacuum. Water (300 cc.) was added 
and the whole was heated to 80°, cooled, and 0.2 gms. taka diastase added. 
At the time the diastase was added, the filtrate from the wood between rings 
showed a distinct blue with iodine while the other showed none. After 
standing 12 hours with taka diastase, 50 cc. samples of each were taken, 
hydrolyzed 3 minutes with 10 percent HCl and tested for reducing sugar. 
Calculated as glucose, the sample from between the rings contained 68.05 
mg. of sugar and that from above the rings 26.24 mg. The total volumes 
of solutions were not exactly equal, so that these samples are not strictly 
comparable. The remainder of the solution was boiled for 3 minutes with 
10 percent HCl in contact with the residue. The solution was filtered off, 
neutralized, and tested for reducing sugar. This is expressed in table 15 as 
glucose, but it is probable that some maltose remains. 
Table 15. Acer saccharum. Sugar obtained from residue by treatment with diastase 
and acid after removal of sugars soluble in q5% alcohol. Extract made up to 500 
cc, 50 cc. samples taken 
Individual Determin- 
ations 
Average 
Total in 
500 cc. 
Removed Be- 
fore Treatment 
of Residue 
with Acid 
Total for 25 
Gms. Dry Wood 
Expressed as 
Glucose 
Above rings 
Between rings 
51-9 
92.25 
51.95 
93.08 
51-925 
92.665 
207.70 
370.66 
26.24 
68.50 
233-94 
439.16 
A number of stems of Fagus grandiflora were double-ringed and results 
very similar to those described for Acer were obtained. All the stems 
tested with iodine showed a large amount of starch between rings and little 
or no starch above the upper ring. One experiment for which sugar analyses 
were made will be reported in detail. A young sapling was ringed lo cm. 
from the ground and a second ring was made 70 cm. above the first. At 
this point the diameter of the stem was 30 mm. The rings were about 
3 cm. broad. The ringing was done April 7, and the tree, with the check 
standing within three feet of it, was cut May 27. At this time the shoots 
had evidently completed their growth, but there was no apparent difference 
in the growth of the new shoots. 
The tests for starch were as follows: 
Above upper ring: No starch was present except in a very few scattered 
pith cells. 
