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JOHN T. BUCHHOLZ 
the functioning of only the lowest embryo initial, the others giving rise 
to the suspensor. Whether or not an apical cell organizes in Cunninghamia 
remains to be discovered. 
. Cryptomeria (24) belongs somewhere in this group on the basis of 
embryogeny, but the account and figures given by Lawson are not complete 
enough to warrant any definite conclusions. 
CUPRESSINEAE 
In the Cupressineae, the proembryo also resembles that of Pinus except 
for the unequal tier organization. In Juniperus (figs. 52-61), which repre- 
sents the condition nearest to Pinus, the proembryo seems to organize 
Figs. 52-61. Stages in embryogeny of Juniperus. Figs. 53 and 55. Juniperus 
communis var. depressa, X 150, after Nichols (30). Figs. 52, 54 and 56. /. communis, 
after Noren (31). Fig. 58. Same, after Hofmeister (17). Figs. 57, 59-61. J. virginiana, 
after Strasburger (40). Figure 59 shows the many embryos arising from an archegonial 
complex, multiplied further by cleavage polyembryony, X 75. Figures 56-58 indicate that 
an uneven tier arrangement (shown in figures 52 and 54) is no hindrance to cleavage em- 
bryony. Figure 53 shows that embryo initials may organize after the first walls form, 
and figures 60 and 61 (X 185) show the apical cell. 
with the usual embryo initials in several tiers and, above, some inactive 
nuclei that abort (17, 30, 31, 40). The walled cells below these aborting 
nuclei function as suspensors, while the lowest group of embryo initials 
becomes organized into embryos that separate. Figures 56-59 show that 
cleavage polyembryony is found, and figures 59-61 that the apical cell 
stage is probably the normal condition. 
