210 
JOSEPH F. ROCK 
Introduced Species 
Plantago major L. Sp. PL i: 112. 1753. 
Hawaii: Makahalau, Parker Ranch, June 23, 1909, Rock, no. 3146 in 
College of Hawaii Herb. 
Oahu: Pauoa Valley, Oct. 24, 1908, Rock, in College of Hawaii Herb. 
This species is now distributed over all the islands along roadsides and 
pastures. It is a native of Europe and Asia. On Hawaii the largest 
specimens have been collected. It is of early introduction. 
Plantago lanceolata L. Sp. PI. i: 113. 1753. 
Hawaii: Waikii, 5,000 feet elevation, July, 1909, Rock, in the College 
of Hawaii Herb. 
Kauai: Hanapepe river basin, June 28, 1895, Heller, no. 2457 in the 
College of Hawaii Herb.; Kaholuamano, July, 1909, Rock, no. 5728 in the 
College of Hawaii Herb. 
This species, also a native of Europe, made its appearance in the Ha- 
waiian Islands only within the last 25 years or so. It was first observed on 
the island of Kauai. It was introduced with impure grass or flower seed 
by Gay and Robinson from Australia, where the plant has been proclaimed. 
It is abundant at Kaholuamano (elevation 3,400 feet), where it even 
crowds out grasses. 
Plantago virginica L. Sp. PI. i: 113. 1753. 
Hawaii: Parker ranch, June 24, 1909, Rock, nos. 3138 and 3139 in the 
College of Hawaii Herb. 
This species is a native of North America, where it occurs from Rhode 
Island to Florida and has also been collected in the Bermudas. On Hawaii 
it is very common on the pasture lands of the Parker ranch, especially at 
Kanahiokaoka in Mana, and Paauhau, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. 
Some of the paddocks are completely taken possession of by this species, 
the rosettes of which are flat on the ground and not erect. 
Doubtful Species 
Plantago Gaudichaudiana Lev. Rept. Sp. nov. Fedde 10: 151. 1911. 
"Pulcherrima species his notis facile diagnoscenda; stirpe foliorum 
emortuorum vaginis foliis laceratis obtecta; scarpa striato glabro circa 
70 cm. alto, virgato, erecto; folia radicalia glabra 5 nervia, 20 cm. circiter 
longa et i cm. lata nec dilatata; spica 30 cm. alta; flores numerosi, dissiti, 
sparsi, subverticillati ; bracteis concavis, brunneis, acuminatis; sepala 
nigro-brunnea margine scariosa obtusata style brunneo exserto. 
''Haec est, mea sententia, ilia planta, cui speciminibus maximis visis, 
Gaudichaud nomen nudum qiielea imposuit." ' 
Hawaii: Mauna Kea, 2,000 meters, June, 1909 (Faurie, no. 1075). 
1 In the writer's opinion the plant is referable to one of the many forms of Plantago 
pachyphylla, probably to var. hawaiiensis Gray. 
