Note on the Ancient Human SJcuU-remains from the Transvaal. 
5 
somewhat a pentagonal outline. In our form the pentagonal shape of the 
outline is more pronounced, and just in front of the large, rounded, parietal 
bosses the sides of the pentagon are even slightly concave. It is, therefore, 
in the frontal diameter that our skull gives figures less than those of the 
Cro-Magnon type. The general similarity is well seen in the following 
table, which compares the Boskop skull with the male and female skulls of 
Cro-Magnon and with the large male skull of La Grotte des Enfants. 
Cro-Magnon Type, 
(All measurements in mm.) Boskop. 
Cro-Magnon. 
Max. Antero-Posterior Diam. 
Transverse Diameter, probably 
154 .... 
Max. Frontal Diameter 
Min. Erontal Diameter 
Total Horiz. Curve nearly 580 
Pre-auricular Horiz. Curve. 
Sur-auricular Curve about 340 
Parietal Curve . 
Cephalic Index . 
Prontal Index . 
205 
120 
103? 
280? 
139 
751 
66-9 
202 
149 
125 
103 
568 
272 
330 
133? 
73-76 
69-1 
9 
191 
140? 
119 
98 
535? 
240? 
300? 
73-29? 
70? 
La Grotte 
des Enfants. 
198 
151? 
127 
103 
560 
269 
323 
133 
76-2B 
68-2 
It will be seen that the cephalic index lies well within the limits of 
variation in the Cro-Magnon type (71-36 to 76*27), although it is somewhat 
greater than the mean for that type (73-67). 
Although the frontal is not quite complete, the supra-orbital features 
appear to have been very similar to those of the Cro-Magnon man. The 
glabella was in relief, and the supraciliary ridges — although strong in all 
probability in their internal parts — die out on the outer portion, while the 
external auditory apophyses project considerably outwards. 
Of the face nothing remains. 
Having drawn attention to the many points of resemblance to, and the 
few of difference from, the general characters of the calvaria of the Cro- 
Magnon type, it has been thought advisable to give some fuller descriptions 
of the several bones. 
Frontal Bone. — In norma facialis the forehead seems very narrow, and a 
posthumous deformation has increased slightly the prominence of the frontal 
eminences, especially that of the right side. The external angular process, 
as mentioned above, is very prominent. 
On the posterior surface the frontal fossae are well-marked and deep. 
But the outstanding feature of the posterior surface is the length and 
prominence of the central ridge, the " crista frontis." This extends for a 
distance of at least 45 mm. above the foramen caecum, and at its lower part 
