4 
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 
75'1 at its minimum value — i. e. supposing that there has been no decrease 
in the width due to crushing and that the length preserved is the maximum. 
The skull is thus slightly mesaticephalic, almost dolichocephalic. The cranial 
-capacity must have been very large. In order to obtain the basilo-bregmatic 
height I have placed the temporal bone in what I conceive to be its highest 
possible position, and so obtain a height of 140 mm. Even supposing this 
height to be 10 mm. too great, which must be the maximum of error possible, 
the calculation of the capacity by Broca's method gives the minimum figure 
as 1832 c.c. This is obtained by dividing half the product of the antero- 
posterior diameter, the maximum transverse diameter, and the vertical 
basilo-bregmatic height by the cubic index of Broca (1'12). In this 
connection it must be noted that the skull wall is very thick and that the 
bi-stephanic width is small, so that some reduction of this figure is 
necessary. As, however, both the height and width of the skull are greater 
than those of the Cro-Magnon man, and the auricular height is probably 
equally as great, the brain capacity of the Boskop skull must have been at 
least as great as that of Cro-Magnon, which is given as roughly 1660 c.cs., 
and was probably somewhat greater. 
The forehead, at first, rises almost vertically above the moderate supra- 
orbital ridges, and then bends back abruptly. The bend is not so abrupt as 
in the Cro-Magnon man, and it continues along the median line in a regular 
sweep almost to the posterior third of the parietal. The top of the skull is 
somewhat flattened in the manner of that of the Cro-Magnon man. In the 
norma lateralis the flattening appears to be greater than it really is along the 
median line because of the parietal bosses, which rise up on either side of a 
central concave depression which runs along the median suture. This 
feature of the skull is a very pronounced one ; it is not paralleled in any 
skull in the possession of the South African Museum, although, according 
to M. Boule, it has been seen on some Negro skulls and also upon a Namaqua 
skull now in the Paris Museum. At the level of the posterior part of the 
parietal there is a decided flattening, which continues on to the superior part 
of the occipital bone. The occipital projects strongly, and has a strong ridge 
bifurcating downwards and outwards parallel with the lambdoid sutures 
from a point 14 mm. below the lambda. In norma occipitalis the skull is 
remarkable for its breadth, its flattening, and the central depression. 
The general characters of the calvaria already mentioned agree closely 
vfith those of the Cro-Magnon type : the general nature of the antero- 
posterior curve,, the vertical forehead, the parietal flattening in the posterior 
part, and the strong occipital protuberance are seen in both. It is in the 
presence of the median depression and in the norma verticalis that the chief 
differences are seen. 
In norma verticalis the skull of La Grotte des Enfants displays scarcely 
anything of the parietal bosses ; that of the Cro-Magnon man (No. 1) affects 
