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raro numerosis longioribus suffulta. Involacri plus minusve arachnoidei, raro glabrescentis foliola 
apice tantum vel a medio plus minusve recurvata ssp. vulgare Naeg. 
1. var. oxyonijchinum Wallr. Involucri foliola apicem versus non vel vix dilatata in spinulam 
infirmam, raro subvalidam excurrentia. 
2. var. platyonijchinum Wallr. Involucri foliola apicem versus sub spinula in ligulam parvam 
1 — 2 mm latam, margins parce et breviter timbriato-ciliatam dilatata. 
2 b) Capitula ovato-globosa, mediocria bracteis 4 — 12 subduplo vel duplo longioribus suffulta, 
Involucri parce arachnoidei foliola in spinam integerrimam excurrentia. 
ssp. Richterianum (Gill.) Petr. 
2c) Capitula globosa. bracteis 3—4 subaequilongis vel brevioribus suffulta; foliola exteriora 
margine spinuloso-ciliata, ad basin involucri coronam formantia, media erecta apice parce dilatata, 
interiora subito longiora subuncinato-recurvata. Planta gigantea, 1 — 2^/2 m alta. 
ssp. V elenovskyi (Vand.) Petr. 
2d) Capitula globosa, magna, bracteis numerosissimis spinis validis creberrimis flavescentibus 
armatis aequilongis vel subduplo longioribus suffulta; involucri parce vel subdense arachnoidei foliola 
apice non dilatata subrecurvata. ssp. dinar icum {Vand.) Petr. 
3 a) Capitula ovata raro ovato-globosa mediocria vel magna. Involucri parce arachnoidei foliola 
abrupte sub spinula in ligulam parvam ovatam vel ovato-rotundatam dilatata. ssp, britannicum Petr. 
3 b) Capitula globosa vel ovato-globosa; involucri glaberrimi vel parcissime arachnoidei foliola 
a medio recurvata vel reflexa, apicem versus sub spinula in ligulam ovatam. ovato-rotundatam vel raro 
ovato-oblongam, margine flavescentem subscariosam plus minusve fimbriato-ciliatam dilatata. 
ssp. spathulatum (Mor.) Petr. 
3c) Capitula globosa magna; involucri parce arachnoidei foliola margine remote spinuloso-ciliata, 
apicem versus in ligulam lanceolatam vel lineari-lanceolatam margine scariosam fimbriato-ciliatam 
dilatata. ssp. decussatum {Janka) Petr. 
var. polonicum Petr. Involucri foliola exteriora et media plus minusve recurvata, apice sub 
spinula in ligulam ovatam vel ovato-rotundatam dilatata. 
I. Snbsp. vulgare. 
Caulis erectus, 15 — 150 cm et ultra altus, subdense vel parce foliosus, superne plus minusve 
ramosus raro simplex monocephalus. Folia radicalia superne spinuloso-strigosa, subtus plus minusve 
arachnoideo-tomentosa, ambitu oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, in petiolum alatum attenuata, sinuato- 
pinnatifida vel raro sinuato-dentata, laciniis lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis margine spinuloso-ciliatis 
ad basin fere bifidis raro tantum profunde dentatis acuminatis vel subobtusis, spina subvalida flavescenti 
1 — 6 mm longa terminatis ; folia caulina sessilia semiauriculato-semiamplexicaulia, basi profunde spinoso- 
dentata, spinis validioribus nec non crebrioribus armata, ceterum fuliis radicalibus similia. 
Capitula in apice caulis solitaria vel 1 — 3 approximata magna vel mediocria raro parva 
2*/2— 9 cm diam, globosa vel ovato-globosa, interdum ovata, ebracteata vel bracteis nonnullis brevioribus 
vel numerosissimis multo longioribus suffulta. Involucri plus minusve saepe densissime arachnoidei 
raro glabrescentis foliola exteriora et media e basi ovato-oblonga in cuspidem plus minusve recurvo- 
patentem attenuata, margine interdum praesertim apicem versus brevissime spinuloso-aspera, spinula 
infirma straminea terminata saepe in ligulam parvam ovato-oblongam, ovatam, rhomboideam vel lanceo- 
latam dilatata; foliola interiora gradatim longiora lineari-lanceolata paullatim acuminata, apice subre- 
curvata subscariosa. Corollae purpureae vel raro roseae vel albidae limbus ad medium circiter inaequaliter 
quinquefidus, laciniis linearibu.s subobtusis, a tubo vix vel bene distinctus eoque subduplo vel duplo brevior. 
Pappus sordide albus, setis plumosis apice saepe tantum scariosis. Achaenia oblonga, 2^/2 — 5 mm 
longa, l'/2 — 3 mm lata, vario colore. Bienne. Floret Julio — Octobri, 
Synonyma: 
Carduus eriophorus L. , Spec, plant, ed. 1. p. 823 (1753) excl. var. ß. — L., Syst. nat. ed. 10. 
