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the United States mainland, in Hawaii and in Europe. The 
fundamental methods of fruit growing, vegetable gardening, 
floriculture, and landscape gardening. A study of local horticul- 
tural conditions, from the standpoint of the amateur, and of the 
commercial grower. Excursions to local regions of horticul- 
tural interest, — orchards, vegetable and flower gardens, fern 
houses, nurseries, parks, private estates, etc. Books chiefly used : 
Bailey, Principles of Emit Growing, of Vegetable Gardenings 
Taft, Greenhouse Alanagement ; Maynard, Landscape Gardening ; 
Bailey, Cyclopedia of American Horticulture. 
XX. The Propagation of Plants. 
Organization is the same as XIX. Second semester, counting 
^hree credits. Required of Agriculture Sophomores. A compre- 
hensive study of the principles of plant production, and of those 
methods most applicable to the important fruits, flowers, and 
vegetables of Hawaii. A survey of the standard methods used in 
other horticultural regions. A special study of plant selection and 
breeding. Laboratory exercises in seed selection and testing, 
hybridization, care and planting of seeds, separation, division, 
la}^ering, cuttage, budding and grafting. Occasional excursions to 
orchards, nurseries and similar localities. Text: Bailey, Nursery 
Book. 
XXI. Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. 
Lectures, laboratory and field exercises, recitations, and library 
reference work. Second semester, counting three credits. Re- 
quired of Agriculture Juniors. A systematic study of important 
fruits, — description, distribution, varieties, propagation, planting, 
culture, fertilizing, spraying, harvesting, grading, packing, mar- 
keting and other commercial aspects. The fruits thus studied 
are : Pineapple ; citrus fruits ; grape ; banana ; apricot ; peach ; 
nectarine ; mango ; avacado ; papaia ; fig ; date ; olive ; coconut and 
other tropical nuts ; anonas ; eugenias ; breadfruit. General 
studies are made of fruit protection, processing, preservation, 
utilization of wastes. Laboratory studies of important species 
and varities, with reference to botanical status, adaptations 
and commercial value. The preparation and application of 
standard spray mixtures. Excursions to fruit farms, orchards, 
canning factories, warehouses, etc. Text: Wickson, Emits 
of California. 
"through these channels the Department of Botanv and Horti- 
culture strives to meet the needs of the Territory of Hawaii, — 
growing needs, whose importance increases year by year. 
