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SECTION III. Of the RESIDENT BIRDS of Pennsylvania. 
By tU Resident Birds, / mean those birds which, in general, continue in Pennsylvania the whole year; which build 
their nests, rear their xjoung, and are commonly thought to continue, near the district in which they themselves were reared. 
I shall enumerate these birds in the order of the Liymcean arrangement. 
ACCIPITRES. RAPACIOUS. 
Falco Leucocephalus. White-Headed Eagle. (Bald-Eagle.) This, in the opinion of some persons, is the same 
bird as the next species. But I cannot adopt this notion. 
Falco regalis of Bartram. Travels. Great Grey Eagle. This is our largest Eagle. 
Falco aquihnus of Bartram. Travels. Great Red-Tailed Hawk. This is the largest species of Hawk hitherto dis- 
covered in Pennsylvania. The tail is of a red brick colour. 
Falco columbarius. Pigeon-Hawk. 
Falco glaucus of Bartram. Travels. Bluish Hawk. A beautiful species. Colour a pale sky-blue. Tips of the 
wings black. Feeds upon its prey, as it flies along with it. 
Strix virginiana. Great Horned Owl. 
Strix Asio. Red Owl, Little Owl. (Screech-Owl.) 
Strix varius of Bartram. MS. Hen Owl. This is a large species without ears. It is next in size to the Strix virginiana, 
or Great Homed Owl. Of a clay or dirt colour, spotted with darker brown. 
Lanius Excubitor. Great Shrike. (Gust Bird? Nine-KiUer.) For some interesting information concerning this 
bird, see Transactions of the American Fhilosophical Society. Vol. IV. 
» Lanius Collurio ? Red-Backed Shrike. This species comes to us from the northward, in October or November. 
In very mild winters, stays in the vicinity of Philadelphia. Is always with us in the spring, on its return to the 
north. Does not breed with us : does not sing in the autumn, but does in the spring. 
PIC^. PIES. 
Oorvus Corax. Raven Crow. (Raven.) Corvus carnivorus of Bartram. Travels. Larger than the next species. 
Dorvus Corone. Carrion Crow. (Crow, t) This is the Corvus frugivorus of Bartram. Travels. 
Oorvus cristatus. Blue-Crow. (Blue-Jay, Jay-Bird.) 
'Picus pileatus. Pileated Woodpecker. (Wood-Cock.) 
' Picus erythrocephalus. Red-Headed- Woodpecker. Continues about Philadelphia, in mild winters. In verv 
cold winters, it goes farther southward. 
> Picus auratus. Golden-Wing- Woodpecker. Some few of these birds are seen among us, in the warmer or 
] milder winters. In general, they migrate farther southward. 
j Picus villosus. Hairy Woodpecker. Se-se-ah of the Wyandot-Indians. 
:»icu.s pubescens. Downy Woodpecker. Sho-ah of the Wyandot-Indians. 
5itta. Black-Headed Nuthatch. (Sap-Sucker.) 
■ :Jerthia fusca of Bartram. MS. Brown-Creeper. I believe this species is not described. The general colour is a nut- 
brown : speckled with black or deep dusky : some white spots on the first coverts. Edwards (Nat. Hist. vol. I. 
26.) has a bird a good deal like this. I mean his Little Brown and White Creeper. 
; There is another apecies of Corvus which differs from both the species here mentioned. It ia larger than the Common Crow (Corpus Corone) and 
makes a noise more like that of the Raven, or Corvua Corax. It keeps upon the sea-coast. Mr. Bartram (TravelsJ calls this species Corvus maritimus. 
1 nave never seen it. 
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