164 Traiisactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 
Pupa proper : The pupa proper has the leg-, antenna- and wing-cases 
free. The antenna-case is distinctly 10-segmented (Fig. 49c). The 
abdomen terminates in two conical lobes ; these are more highly 
chitinized than the remainder of the body-case and bear several stout 
spines (Fig. 49^^). There is also a strongly chitinized median plate. 
The adult S' • A number of puparia were collected and kept in a glass 
tube loosely closed with cotton-wool. On December 1st the first adult- 
appeared, two others emerging on December 3rd. The adult is a. 
striking insect, with deep red and black body, black legs, eyes and 
antennae, and smoky-black wings which have the costal margin fuscous. 
There are two abdominal prolongations, very much wrinkled and hairy 
(Fig. 49/), having the same appearance as the terminal portion of the 
abdomen in mounted specimens. In specimens kept alive for a day after 
emergence the body-colour was somewhat obscured by a slight covering of 
mealy white wax. 
The ^ varies slightly in length, but the middle specimen of the three, 
from the point of view of size, is 7"6 mm. long over antennae, head, body,, 
and appendages, while the head and body alone measure 3-5 mm. The= 
width across the expanded wings is 7 mm. 
The antennae are 10-segmented and are 2 61 mm. long. When cleared 
and mounted they appear very dark brown rather than black, and are^ 
whorled with long fine bristles (about 308 long on basal joints) 
(Fig. 49(/). 
The segments measure :— (1) 136 ; (2) 136 ; (3) 357 ; (4) 290 ; (5) 272 ;, 
(6) 246; (7) 240; (8) 220; (9) 205; (10) 250^. 
This male is apparently very much like that of Monophlebus africanus- 
Newstead in colouring and general appearance but is larger, as the wings 
alone are 3-15 mm. long in fulleri, while in africa^ius the length from 
point of head to tip of closed wings is given as 2*5 mm. 
Adult $ : The insects most commonly seen are of a sordid white or 
buff colour, due to a coarse mealy covering. After moulting, however, the 
newly emerged insect is a deep rich red, with the antennae and legs- 
black. 
At the time of ecdysis the insects cling to the grass by the legs, but- 
are also slightly glued to the stem by secretion from tenent hairs on the 
venter, between the three pairs of legs, exactly in the same manner that 
Aspidopj^octus is attached. 
Prior to the adult moult the insect is almost as large as the adult $ , 
but it has 8-jointed antennae, and the legs are much smaller, the femur 
plus trochanter and the tibia each being about 462 jn long. 
The adult ? is most commonly between 5 and 6 mm. in length, but 
occasionally insects are found which reach 7 to 8 mm. long. The legs, 
and antennae are long, but the joints are variable in length. 
