The Coccidae of South Africa. 
179 
the abdominal region, and are arranged more or less in lines radiating from the genital 
orifice towards the margin. Marginal gland-tracts much larger than those either on the 
venter or dorsum. 
Length of old adult 33 mm. 
Width of old adult 25 mm. (= 1 inch). 
Height of old adult 15 mm. (= J inch)." (Newstead.) 
S- Prae-pupa : Dull rusty red, varying from 4*5 to 6 mm. long ; ventra 
surface flat ; legs well developed ; mouth-parts absent. Dorsum convex, 
median area roundly so, margins slightly depressed. Margin with 
numerous pale hairs. Antennae 9-jointed, tapering, with long slender 
hairs (Fig. 52a). Eyes inconspicuous until mounted. 
^ Puparium : On reaching the prae-pupal stage the insect — in many 
cases at least — leaves the tree and seeks shelter beneath fallen leaves 
or other debris, and secretes a massive, white, downy puparium. This 
assumes a more or less regular mass 10 to 14 mm. long and about half as 
wide. It is composed entirely of extremely delicate, white, waxy matter, 
which impresses one as being softer and more downy in texture than is the 
ovisac of any mealy-bug known to me. 
S Pupa (from single spirit specimen) : Dull reddish-brown or rusty red, 
6 mm. long and 2-2 mm. across the abdominal segments. The appendages 
are quite free from the body {]jupa liter a). There are no indications 
of mouth-parts. The posterior extremity is cleft (Fig. b2h). 
^ Adult : Head and body about 5 mm. long, cochineal red in 
colour, but more or less covered with a downy secretion of wax. 
Antennae long, brownish or purplish in colour, with many fine, long whorled 
hairs. Legs brown. Wings smoky brown. Subcostal vein reddish ; 
costal margin fulvous. Width across expanded wings 13-15 mm. 
Caudal processes concolorous with body, slender, with many whorled 
hairs similar to those of antennae. Length of caudal processes from 
ODe-fifth to one-fourth the length of the body without antennae. 
Habitat : On M'sasa-tree {Brachystegia randii), Salisbury, March 17, 
1908. Also found in small numbers on Grevillia robusta, casurina, hibiscus, 
and flamboyant. (C. P. Lounsbury.) 
Remarks : This species first attracted attention in Rhodesia in the 
early part of 1908. On the 17th of March of that year specimens were sent 
to Mr. Lounsbury at Cape Town by the Secretary for Agriculture of 
Southern Rhodesia, who wrote that the insects were travelling rapidly 
along a belt of trees on one side of the town (Salisbury), and that the 
affected trees were dying off at the tops. Later in the year Mr. Lounsbury 
visited Sahsbury and made a report on the insect. This appeared in the 
Rhodesian Agricultural Journal for October 1908. 
Trees which bear numbers of the insects are conspicuous for the 
amount of honey-dew below them. Concerning this Mr. Lounsbury 
writes {I.e., p. 34) : — 
