Notes on Some South African Entomo]jlithoraceae. 
83 
results obtained by Edington, Black, Hesse, and Bernstein, yet it seems 
safest to reserve judgment in the matter, for it is a remarkable fact that 
these workers, experimenting with two different species of fungi in widely 
separated localities, should have obtained such similar results. Mycologists 
may find it very difficult to accept the theory that an Emptisa becomes a 
Mucor when grown saprophytically, but the two orders to which these 
species belong are nearly allied, and similar cases of alternation of genera- 
tions are familiar to all biologists. Furthermore, it is of interest to note in 
this connection that the torula form of Mucor bears a marked resemblance 
to the hyphal bodies that are characteristic of the Entomo])hthoraceae. 
ENTOMOPHTHOEA, Fresenius. 
Cystidia and rhizoids present. 
Conidiophores simple or branched. 
Entomophthora aphidis, Hoffman. (Plate lY, figs. 13, 14.) 
Conidia long ovoid, commonly asymmetrical, very variable, containing 
one to several oil-globules, 20-35 /x x 10-15 fx. Conidiophores simple or 
branched. Cystidia long and generally tapering at their extremities. 
Secondary conidia spherical, containing usually a single large oil-globule, 
produced by direct budding. Eesting spores not seen at Cedara, but 
according to Fresenius and Sorokin they are " spherical, 33-45 /x, and borne 
terminally or laterally on hyphae." Host attached to substratum by 
rhizoids, few in number, and terminating in a disc-like expansion. 
Hosts. — Several species of aphides. 
Habitat. — South Africa, U.S.A., and Europe. 
This species was first noticed at Cedara on November 11 on a species of 
large green aphis common on peas. It was common on certain species of 
aphides found on sweet peas, roses, maize, and Batiira stramonium throughout 
the summer, serving as a very effective check on these pests. On the other 
hand, no specimens of the common cabbage aphis nor of a black aphis 
common on chrysanthemums were found infected with the disease. 
The cystidia are not numerous, but are readily recognised by the fact 
that they are much longer than the conidiophores and contain very little 
protoplasm. Apparently they are hyphae, which would have developed 
into rhizoids if they had come into contact with the substratum. The 
rhizoids are long and comparatively stout, and lose their protoplasm soon 
after forming the disc-like expansion at the end. 
Entomophthora apiculata, Thaxter. (Plate IV, figs. 15, 16.) 
Conidia spherical, with a prominent papillate base, from 30-45 /x in 
diameter. Conidiophores simple. Secondary conidia like the primary, 
produced by direct budding. Eesting spores were not seen at Cedara, but 
