374 Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 
this conclusion is confirmed by the testimony of the rain-gauges, so far as 
they go, Mount Fletcher (XII, 237) and Matatiele (XII, 236) having each a 
less precipitation than Mozeni (XIII, 253) and Qachas Nek (XIII, 254) 
across the mountains. Every station in Basutoland has a rainfall of at 
least 30 in., whereas in Kaffraria only six stations, including St. John's, 
exceed that round value. 
Here, again, the rainfall is of the simple type with a January maximum 
and July minimum. 
XIV. Orange Free State. 
All Basutoland lying between the western slopes of the Maluti Mountains 
and the Caledon Eiver belongs to the same geophysical area as the Orange 
Free State, and stations like Wepener (XIV, 272) and Lady brand (XIV, 
267), near the right bank of the river, have rainfalls similar to those of the 
left bank in XIII. Going towards the west, however, the conditions 
become more and more arid, Jacobsdal (XIV, 264) and Philippolis (XIV, 
269) having mean annual falls not much greater than that of Kimberley. 
Mr. F. S. Lynch, the Greneral Manager of the Kimberley Waterworks 
Company, has kindly given me the following additional information. His 
letter is dated October 19, 1915. 
Vrede : Average rainfall during the past ten years 26*6 in, 
Parys : Average rainfall 21*16 in. 
Eeitz : Average rainfall approximately 30 in. 
Senekal: Average rainfall, 1905 to 1913, 26 68 in. 
Bethlehem : Average rainfall during the last ten years 28*824 in. 
Heilbron : Average rainfall for past five years 25*45 in. * 
In each case the information was supplied by the postmaster of the 
town mentioned. 
XV and XVI. Natal and Zululand. 
Saving the Cape Peninsula this is one of the most interesting rainfall 
areas in South Africa. It may be divided roughly (and the same division 
applies also to Kaffraria) into three zones. (1) A zone of heavy precipitation, 
40 in. a year and more, along the coast belt; (2) decreasing gradually to a 
moderate rainfall, 25-30 in., down the centre of the country ; and (3) 
increasing again gradually to upwards of 30 in. under the shadow of the 
Drakensbergen. Inland there is one maximum near midsummer, and one 
minimum near midwinter. On the coast there are two maxima, in March 
and October-November, and two minima, about January and July. 
According to Maon the rainfall of Natal is caused by two essentially 
distinct influences : first, by the development in summer of storms more 
or less of the character of thunderstorms, which most powerfully affect the 
inland districts and the uplands ; and secondly, by the occurrence of sea 
gales, which fall with most violence upon the coast and the lands in the 
