470 
PAUL C. STANDLEY 
known as frailejon," their dense covering of white or gray wool 
recalling to the Venezuelans the cloaks of the brothers of some of 
the religious orders. Humboldt and Bonpland state that the resin 
of E. grandiflora was used at Bogota in the manufacture of printers' 
ink, a purpose for which it was highly prized. The resin, they state, 
was known at Bogota as ''trementina (turpentine)," although it 
did not possess either the odor or the consistency of the turpentine 
of commerce. 
Key to the Species 
Shrubs or trees with much branched, woody stems. 
Leaf blades sinuately and subspinosely denticulate. i. E. hanksiaefolia. 
Leaf blades entire. 2. E. neriifolia. 
Herbs, often with much elongated, srect caudices, but these 
simple, never with much branched, woody stems. 
Heads usually solitary on each scape, rarely more than one. 
Leaf blades linear or narrowly ligulate, attenuate, 25 
to 30 cm. long; heads 4 to 4.5 cm. in diameter; pubes- 
cence rufous or fulvous. 3. E. moritziana. 
Leaf blades linear-oblong, 4 to 6 cm. long; heads about 
2 cm. in diameter; pubescence nearly white. 4. E. weddellii. 
Heads several or numerous, the stems not scapose. 
CauHne leaves opposite; bracts of the inflorescence 
often opposite or verticillate. 
Pubescence of stems and leaves white, silvery; 
heads radiate or discoid; basal leaves 4 cm. 
wide or less. 
Bracts of the inflorescence verticillate; leaves 
3 to 4 cm. wide. 7. E. argentea. 
Bracts alternate; leaves 1.8 cm. wide or less. 8. E. grisea. 
Pubescence usually fulvous or rufesccnt; heads 
radiate; basal leaves 4 to 10 cm. wide. 
Involucral bracts broadly ovate; nerves of the 
leaves mostly obscured by the wool. 5. E. grandiflora. 
Involucral bracts lanceolate or narrowly ovate; 
nerves of the leaves prominent. 6. E. schuUzii. 
Cauline leaves and bracts of the inflorescence all 
alternate, rarely subopposite. 
Heads in an elongated simple raceme. 9. E. spicata. 
Heads in a more or less compound panicle or 
corymb. 
Leaf blades of nearly uniform width through- 
out, not noticeably narrowed toward the 
base. 
Leaf margins strongly revolute, the blades 
3 to 6 mm. wide, soon glabrate on the 
upper surface; inflorescence congested. 10. E. jahnii. 
