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Transactions of the Boyal Society of South Africa, 
Yelloio colouring matter. — There are a few yellow grains on the ear, 
which are due to stray pollen from adjacent rows of yellow maize which 
have either mixed with the "red" pollen when the latter was being 
collected, or have gained access to the silks when the bag was removed 
for the purpose of hand-pollination. When the " yellow " pollen has fallen 
on to a " white " ovule it has produced a clear yellow grain ; when it has 
reached a " red" ovule, the grain distinctly shows a mixture of red and 
yellow. There is thus no difficulty in distinguishing between red and non- 
red grains. Though not so pronounced in the sugar grains, the yellow 
colouring matter is quite distinguishable in contrast with the horny 
appearance of an ordinary "white" sugar grain. 
Bed colouring matter. — Table 1 shows clearly that in this case red is 
dominant over white. Where both red and yellow meet in the same grain, 
both colours appear (as is to be expected, red and yellow not being oppo- 
sing characters), but the red is more conspicuous than the yellow ; there 
is not any blending of colours such as occurs when blue and yellow meet 
in the same grain and produce green. The red colouring matter here dis- 
cussed appears not to be confined to the pericarp, as is the case with the 
red colouring matter of "Eed Cuzco " and some of the red strains fre- 
quently met with in fields of supposedly pure white maize ; consequently 
it is transmitted differently. A separate experiment, also conducted this 
season, shows that the particular colour here dealt with is transmitted 
with the pollen, producing a red grain as the immediate result of the 
application of pollen of a red strain to the ovules of a white breed. There 
is considerable variation in the degree of redness in both dent and sugar 
grains, but there is no shading off into white such as is often the case with 
crosses between yellow and white. 
Indentation. — The starchy {i.e., non-sugary) grains are slightly 
indented ; this was puzzling for a time, as the parent grains were red flints. 
Subsequently, however, one of the most vigorous plants in the row was 
found to have developed a red dent ear, and it is probable that the pollen 
from this plant caused the slight indentation in what would otherwise be 
flint grains. 
Half-sugar Grain. — One grain is of particular interest because one 
half shows the sugar character and the other half the ordinary starch 
or "dent" character. 
Percentages. — The percentages of each of the four types of grain 
obtained through the re-combination of the two pairs of characters, i.e., 
redness and whiteness with dentness and sugariness, is interesting and 
instructive. The figures in Tables 1 and 2 show that both dentness and 
redness are dominant, while sugariness and whiteness are recessive. 
The actual percentages occurring on this ear are summarised from 
Table 3 as follows : — 
