WORK AND EXERCISE. 
25 
ailments are traceable to the use of bad water. Elephants like 
running water, and prefer to drink the water of tributary streams, to 
that of the large rivers. At all times the water offered should be 
as sweet and clean as can be procured, though they are not averse 
to drinking muddy water (wild ones have little else during the rainy 
season). During the dry season good water-holes (such as the 
Burmans dig for their own use) should be dug in the sandy beds of 
streams ; failing these, well water must be given. On no account 
are they to be permitted to drink from the tanks and pools used by 
cattle. In their natural state they drink shortly after sunrise and 
before sunset. Domestic animals ought to be watered at least twice 
daily, three times when possible, namely, morning, midday and 
evening. They should be watered about three-quarters of an hour 
before they are fed. On the march if any animal attempts to drink, 
although he be heated, he may be allowed to do so (this does not 
apply to squirting water over the body). A lengthened hot march 
(over seven hours) should not be attempted unless water is procur- 
able on the way. When travelling with elephants during the hot 
season, marches should be regulated in accordance with the 
prospects of good water-supply. 
Work and Exercise. ? : 
It is difficult to lay down fixed rules as to the amount of work 
which may be exacted. This must necessarily depend in spme 
measure upon individual idiosyncrasies and constitution, which 
can only be ascertained by the careful observation of those in 
attendance (supervisors, etc.). What would undoubtedly prove 
moderate work in one individual might prove excessive in another, 
though to all appearances of equal size, age and condition. Again, 
the early symptoms of failing vigour which should be recognized by 
the mahouts are either not reported by them, or often after having 
been reported are paid no heed to by those in authority. I can 
call to mind instances in which an animal palpably suffering pain 
and going lame was found working. Regrettable as it is, the 
sufferings of an animal that may have toiled for years in his master's 
cause and contributed materially to his fortunes are passed unnoticed. 
Too often therefore it happens that an animal's energies are 
overtaxed to such an extent that he suddenly breaks down. So |ar 
as one can frame rules, I would strongly recommend that during the 
hot weather, from 1 5th February to the breaking of the rains, no 
animals should be worked in the open after 10 A.M., and never 
before 3-30 P.M. Moreover they should never be worked more than 
