ATTENDANTS AND THEIR DUTfES. 
35 
regards appetite, evacuations, external temperature of the body, 
and report the same without delay. If the animal is turned loos-e 
after work, he must after careful inspection of the body take him 
to where the grazing is good, see that the drinking water is clean 
and near at hand, and also take care to fetter the elephant carefully 
and securely to prevent straying, fighting, etc. He should in the 
very early morning follow up his elephant and note how the night 
has been spent. It is important in addition to signs of feeding, 
amount and condition of the evacuations, to note how often the 
animal has slept. One bed is usual ; two or more or the 
absence of any " bed at all is an indication of something being 
amiss, as also if the animal has been known to sleep during the 
day. He is responsible for the proper adjustment of the harness 
and arrangement of loads, also that no long-continued undue pres- 
sure takes place upon any part; he must be on the look-out and 
report the lirst symptoms of fatigue, whether arising from exposure, 
overwork, overloading, or from failing health. The c^?-.?/ should have 
experience of the most approved methods of fettering, catching, 
subduing, and approaching unruly animals. He should administer 
all medicines directed to be given, but should not on any pretence 
whatever be permitted to prescribe or give any drug unless specially 
authorized to do so. 
The pai-si has to attend to the instructions of the oo-si -d^nd. assist 
him in such manner as may be desired. He is generally employed 
on cooly work, i.e.^ collecting fodder, keeping the standings clean. 
■On the march it is his duty to precede the elephant to explore 
the route, with a view to the avoidance of quagmires and quicksands, 
as well as of sharp stumps or stones. This important duty is 
however frequently not carried out efficiently owing to laziness, 
the pai-si riding on the elephant. In the case of timber-working 
elephants, it is the duty of the pai-si to fix the dragging chain on to 
the logs, and he is then frequently called the pai-chaik (o^S), or the 
man who " hooks behind.^' It is in the capacity o{ pai-sis oo-sis 
serve their apprenticeship. The sin-ok or jemadar, when one is 
kept, controls the oo-sis in the duties above detailed ; he should 
possess superior experience and judgment in the recognition of the 
more ordinary ailments, also a knowledge of the uses of some of the 
common drugs, as well as ability to dress wounds, etc., and perform 
minor operations such as opening abscesses. All who are directly 
connected with the care of elephants should be firm, kind, and 
above all even-tempered, qualities for which they have a ready per- 
ception. I have known the training of a previously well-behaved 
animal to be lost to such a degree that she would endure neither 
load nor rider, simply owing to the accident of being placed in the 
