ULCERATION. 
191 
Treatment. — The ulcer should be washed as before and lead 
lotion {see Formulae 105 and 106) should be applied, or a lotion con- 
sisting of zinc sulphate and lead acetate, two drachms of each to one 
pint of water. Sulphate of copper or sulphate of zinc lotion (grs. ii 
to the ounce) may also be used (see also Formulae 61 and 62). As 
drv dressings, equal parts of alum and starch or acetate of lead and 
starch may be used. Sometimes a gentle scraping of the base and 
edges of the ulcer with a blunt knife will excite healthy granulation. 
Again, the base of a granulating ulcer may be covered with large 
prominent d-ark red uneven granulations which easily bleed, the 
edge may be concealed by the sprouting base, the surrounding tissues 
are healthy looking, and there is abundant discharge of matter ; such 
an ulcer is known as an exuberant ulcer. 
Treatment. — The ulcer should be thoroughly washed as before, 
and should then be touched once daily or every other day as neces- 
sary with Sir W. Burnett's fluid * (zinc chloride lotion) of a strength 
of half a drachm to eight ounces of water. Sulphate of copper or 
sulphate of zinc (grs. x to the ounce) may however be used 
instead until it assumes a healthy appearance, after which it may be 
dressed with ordinary dressings. If the discharge is excessive 
the dry dressings should be changed frequently. With these ulcers 
pressure, i.e., the application of a pad of medicated tow or cotton 
wool with a bandage if it can be applied, often yields good results ; 
care must, however, be taken that the bandage is not put on too tight. 
2. Ulcers of the spreading variety are characterised by the base 
being depressed, or uneven in appearance and reddish yellow in 
colour. The edge may be uneven but sharply defined and the 
surrounding skin is red, inflamed hot and painful, the discharge is 
thick and greyish yellow in colour and the ulcer shows no tendency 
to heal. 
These ulcers, though not common, are occasionally met with ; I 
quote as an illustration a case sent me by Mr. Nisbet of Messrs. 
Steel Brothers & Company [see Plate IX). 
A female elephant Ma Pu — 
''The left side of the head is all diseased, the ear being three- 
quarters eaten away. During the last day or two it has reached the 
right side of the face, having travelled round the chin which is also 
diseased. To outward appearance the skin of the part affected is 
dry and cracked, and here and there the skin is off altogether, the 
part is also all swollen. The disease is of long standing." 
* Sir W. Burnett's disinfecting and antiseptic fluid contains 25 grs. of zinc 
chloride in every fluid drachm. It is a strong caustic and should be employed with 
great care. 
