HEAT APOPLEXY. 
ration for some days. Whenever possible, arrangements should be 
made for the load and gear to be taken into camp. After a rest of 
from thirty-six to forty-eight hours, he may during the cool hours of 
the morning or late evening be quietly taken to camp. Great 
care, however, must be taken to avoid subjecting the elephant to 
exposure to sun for a considerable time afterwards. 
Death may occur quite suddenly from failure of the action of the 
heart. 
Heat Apoplexy or Heat-stroke. 
The symptoms are similar to those met with in heat exhaustion, 
but the animal may be somewhat excited ; he staggers about, 
trembles all over, breathes very hurriedly and finally falls down in a 
more or less unconscious state. In some cases there may be 
symptoms of delirium ending in convulsions, great difficulty in 
breathing, coma and death. The temperature ranges high. 
Causes. — Heat apoplexy may occur either while an elephant is 
idle, in the shade or at work. In many cases the animal if examined 
beforehand would probably have been found feverish and out of 
sorts ; if worked in this condition, he shows weariness and fatigue, 
the temperature may rise to such an extent as to bring about a 
stroke. 
Treatment : Preventive. — Do not permit elephants to be worked 
in the sun during the day in the hot weather, i.e.^ between the hours 
of ten and half-past three. If work has to be performed during these 
hours, the head should be protected by a quilted cotton pad. 
Frequent rests are desirable and the animals permitted to take water 
in small quantities occasionally. It may even be advisable, on a 
long march, to halt the animals two or three times and relieve them 
of their loads, allowing a rest for three-quarters of an hour. Before 
being sent on the march or put to work, it is a good plan to have 
every animal carefully inspected ; any showing symptoms of fatigue 
or ill health should on no account be sent out. On the march some 
person ought to be held responsible to look after the elephants while 
travelling ; should any show" signs of distress, evidenced by slowing 
down, staggering in their gait or trem.bling, they should be halted 
(in the shade if possible) without delay, the load and gear quickly 
removed and cold water dashed over the head and spine ; even if 
reheved by these means, they should not be permitted to proceed on 
the journey till the evening or early next morning. 
One attack predisposes the animal to another ; therefore every 
care ought to be taken to avoid causes calculated to induce a recur- 
rence. 
