PARASITES. 
{a) Ascarts lonchoptera may be met with in common with 
other round worms, they are from \ \ to 2\ inches in length. 
Symptoms. — Generally absent ; presence known by observing 
them in the dung. 
[b) Two species of Uncinaria [Anchylostomes or Dochmius) 
have been described : — 
(i) Dochmius Sangart (Cobbold), so called after Sangar 
of Circus fame, who lost all his performing herd of 
elephants through this worm. The male measures 
I inch and the female | inch. 
Symptoms. — Severe diarrhoea which resisted all treatment. 
(ii) Uncinaria os papiliatum (Ostertag), which is stated 
to occur only in Indian elephants. 
In the Report of the Imperial Bacteriologist for 1902-03, 
paragraph 6g, Dr. Lingard mentions having examined specimens of 
elephants' blood which indicated death from Uncinaria os 
papiliatum, lately described by Professor Ostertag as occurring 
solely in Indian elephants. 
The following is a translation from the " Berliner Tierarztliche 
Wochenschrift,'' which appeared in the Veterinary Record," dated 
I 8th April 1903 : — 
"Worms in Elephants — by Professor Schmaltz. 
" Busch's Circus in Berlin had at the pantomime a herd of 
elephants freshly imported from India by Hagenbeck, of Hamburg. 
Two of these elephants died a short time after each other, and 
through the kind offices of Veterinary Surgeon Klingner, who 
holds the position of Veterinary Surgeon to the Circus, they were 
presented to the Anatomical Institute of the Veterinary University 
to be placed in the museum. Naturally the cause of death was 
examined. 
Post-mortem gave an interesting and similar state of things 
in each subject in many points. Both carcases were blood warm and 
hydraemic. The subcutaneous tissue was so soaked and saturated 
that on cutting through it yellow watery fluid collected. 
In some cases under the skin were flabby swellings. The 
whole of the muscular tissue was extremely pallid, and its colour a 
clear brick red. In the abdominal cavity large quantities of clear 
fluid. 
The internal organs up to the small intestine w^ere generally 
healthy. This was reddened externally; its contents were tinged 
