July 16, 1898.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
lateral plane below the amount deemed desirable by the 
committee, or to get stability by weighting the center- 
board. 
No reasons are given in support of this proposition, al- 
though its truth is far from being obvious. 
Concerning beam and draft the committee says: "It 
appears extremely doubtful if any rule which included 
beam as a separate and distinct factor * * * would 
meet with acceptance, and it appears to be nothing less 
than a truism that to assign to either of these distinct 
and separate values, or values relatively each to the 
other, is in the absence of more accurate knowledge 
wholly unwarranted." Yet the committee proceeds to 
assign relative values not only to beam and draft, but 
also to L.W.L. and V S.A., all these elements being in- 
cluded in the formula with interchangeable values. That 
is to say: ift. of be am = ift. of draft = 2ft. of L.W.L. == 
2 units of 1/ S. A.: and beam is made as "separate and 
distinct" a factor in the formula as L.W.L. or S. A. or 
draft. 
Without directly stating it the committee apparently 
opposes arbitrary restriction on sail, length, beam, draft 
and displacement; and favors so-called freedom of de- 
sign. In view of the failure of all rules of the old type, 
and the fact that these rules have not given designers 
any more freedom than rules fixing maximum and mini- 
mum limits to the principal elements of design, it is a 
matter for regret that the committee has not given the 
reasons which impelled it to adhere to the old type of 
rule. 
There have been sundry expressions of opinion by 
correspondents of Forest and Stream that rules should 
not interfere with the freedom of designers, and that 
arbitrary restrictions are undesirable; but so far as the 
writer knows, no arguments have been adduced to show 
that the designer has any more freedom under the old 
type of rule than under rules like those of the knock- 
about associations which fix maximum and minimum 
limits to dimensions. The editor of Forest and Stream 
testifies on this point in the issue of July 2, as follows: 
"No rule can be framed that will not put at a premium 
some one class of yacht, the racing machine, the all- 
round fast cruiser or possibly even the slow cruiser. It 
has so happened in the past that every rule tested on an 
extensive scale has in time resulted in the production of 
an extreme racing type." * * * "This inevitable 
tendency ofevery rule has been fully recognized of late 
years by the various experts and committees called upon 
to suggest new formulas." In other words, designers 
have been free to make a single type of racing machines 
and nothing else. 
These views have been repeatedly urged by correspon- 
dents of Forest and Stream; and yachtsmen everywhere 
have been driven to rules with arbitrary restrictions or 
to one design classes in order to have any racing at 
all. If it is true that the formula type of rule with inter- 
changeable factors gives designers no more liberty than 
rules which fix maximum and minimum limits to dimen- 
sions, then the only objection to arbitrary restrictions 
vanishes. Probably no one will claim that merely for 
influencing design in any desired direction the indirect 
method is so certain or desirable as the direct method. 
For these reasons it seems to the writer that the com- 
mittee has not done justice to itself or to its constituents 
in asking them to adopt the old type of rule, so many 
times discredited, and with all its uncertainties, without 
giving reasons for preferring it to a kind of rule that is 
absolutely certain in operation and easily understood by 
every yachtsman. 
After defining its ideal yacht it is a pity the committee 
did not bar all other types from racing, instead of vain- 
ly trying to frame a rule that shall let the wholesome 
boat race on "fair and equated terms" with racing ma- 
chines of all kinds. This rule is certain to produce a 
single type that will be faster under the rule than all 
others, and consequently will completely bar everything 
else from racing. ' The chances are that the new type will 
be something entirely unexpected. 
No reasons are given for not recommending action on 
light construction, though there is a widespread belief 
that this is one of the vicious factors in the present 
condition of affairs. 
In part justification of the old rule, whose continuance 
is recommended with some corrective factors added, the 
committee says: "The changes that have come about 
and the necessities that have arisen (since the adoption 
L + ^ S. 
of the '- rule) are not in any degree a product of 
the rule." 
Did not the rule foster such lajge sail plans and short 
L.W.L. in the small classes that it wats tound desirable 
to arbitrarily limit sail area in the last Seawanhaka cup 
race? Anything short of an adequate tax on sail encour- 
ages excessive sail plans. Under the proposed formula 
sail is only half taxed; and a premium is offered on large 
sail area and short L.W.L. 
The notable omissions in the report are the failure to 
discuss fundamental principles of measurement, and 
the absence of any attempt to justify the adoption of the 
proposed formula and to demonstrate its usefulness. 
Yachtsmen are practically asked to adopt it on faith, as 
they have so many others which have proved worth- 
less. 
The new portions of the rule, 2 (B ' + D ' ) ~ 6| V M " S "» 
and the provisions concerning lateral plane, are added 
with the expectation that they will permit the successful 
racing of yachts of wholesome type with fin keels, splash- 
ers and freaks of all kinds. This expectation is based 
upon the assumption that one unit of the difference be- 
tween the sum of beam plus draft and three and one- 
third times t he sq uare root of midship section 
(B -f- D. — 3^ ^ M. S.) is equivalent for speed purposes to 
2ft_of L.W.L. or to two units of square root of sail area 
(VS.), and that one-fifth of the difference between the 
coefficient of lateral plane and the standard coefficient, 
65 per cent, ( "^ is equivalent to as many units of 
L.W.L. or^S. or to half as many units of beam or 
draft. 
It is probably safe to assert that these assumptions are 
not founded upon any known laws of the resistance of 
partially submerged bodies moving in water. But on 
no other assumption can the use of this formula be logic- 
ally justified. The formula presumes that all yachts of 
the same racing measurement have equal speed; and the 
factors which together make up R. M. are interchange- 
able on the basis stated. On the truth ofjhese numerical 
relations between L.W.L., V S., ^ M . S., and the plane 
of lateral resistance, the worth of the new formula de- 
pends. 
Sextant. 
Annisquam Y. C. 
Annisquam, Mass. 
Monday, July 4. 
The Annisquam Y. C, of Annisquam, Mass., has this 
year quite a strong 15ft. class, the result of the racing of 
Spruce IV. in these waters last year. Among the new 
boats specially built for the class is Lynx, Messrs. Cun- 
ningham, designed by G. H. Duggan; Schatz, Mr. Fel- 
ton Bent, designed by W. P. Stephens, with others by 
Boston 'designers. Three men are allowed as crew, 
though the yachts are measured with but 30olbs. on 
board. A number of races are scheduled for the season, 
beginning on July 4 with one for the Hastings cup, and 
also the first of the series for the "half-rater" trophy. 
The race was started off the club house at 2:3c; P. M. 
with six boats, Tobasco, H. H. Wiggins; Lynx, Messrs. 
Cunningham; Gaboo, Walter Adams; Schatz, Felton 
Bent; Gertrude, H. Damon; Scooter, D. H. Woodbury; 
Imp, Oscar Perkins. Mr. Butler Ames is with his regi- 
ment, so Spruce IV. was not present There was a 
strong westerly wind; the course was a triangle, sailed 
twice. Lynx led from the start, but after being handi- 
capped through mistaking the signals, Schatz pulled up 
and at the end of the second leg, to windward, was first; 
on the reach Lynx again took the lead, with Scooter, 
Gaboo and Imp astern of Schatz. On the windward 
work of the second round Schatz again took the lead and 
had a safe position when a heavy squall swept over the 
fleet. In the squall the truck of her mast gave way, dis- 
abling her so that she was forced to retire. Lynx took in 
her jib and lowered her peak, riding out the squall, and 
she and Gaboo finished, the latter lowering everything 
for the time. The others gave up. Lynx wins the 
Hastings cup and the first leg for the trophy. 
Hull Y. C 30ft. Class. 
Hull — Boston Harbor. 
Saturday, July 2. 
The Hull Y. C. opened its season with an invitation 
race for the 30ft. class, with five starters; the old Har- 
binger, built by Hanley in 1889; the fin-keel Handsel, 
Hanley's Ashumet, built in 1894; the new Hanley Mee- 
mer, and the Purdon Elfreda. The course was from off 
Hull around the lightship, 14 miles naut, with a moder- 
ate S.E. breeze and smooth water. Ashumet took the 
lead at the start, being passed by Handsel, and finally 
the two giving place to Meemer, she turning the light- 
ship at 4:35:30, with Handsel im. 30s. astern. They ran 
in under spinakers, finally beating into the harbor. The 
times were: 
30ft. Class. 
Elapsed. 
Meemer, R. C. Nickerson 2 39 55 
Ashumet, C. Fred Bache 2 43 24 
Handsel, J. R. Hooper 2 44 46 
Elfreda, Hall & Johnson 2 49 55 
Harbinger, W. F. Bache 3 03 48 
Palmetto, schr., W. F. Palmer, carried Mr. T. _ E. 
Jacobs, of the race committee, over the course, timing 
the boats. Under the Hull Y. C. rule Handsel probably 
saves her times and takes second place. 
Kingston Y. C 
Kingston, Mass. 
Saturday, June 25. 
The Kingston Y. C. sailed the first race of the season 
on June 25 in a strong S.W. wind, the times being: 
Fourth Class. 
Elapsed. 
Maud, W. N. Meyers .1 14 50 
Dolphin, N. Morton 1 23 45 
Winnetuxet, Potter .1 26 08 
Amie, M. S. Weston 1 30 20 
First Special Class, 
Wabun, G. W. Shiverick , 1 22 50 
Kittawake, H. N. Jones 1 23 30 
Veritas, Alex. Holmes 1 24 45 
Olympia. W. Steele 125 15 
Scrap, A. B. Holmes 137 17 
The winners were Maud and Wabun. 
Savin Hill Y. C 
Savin Hill — Boston Harbor. 
Saturday, June 25. 
On June 25 the Savin Hill Y. C. sailed a race for the 
30ft. class with but two starters, Ashumet and El- 
freda. The course was from off Dorchester around the 
Sculpin Ledge Buoy and Buoy 6 and return, ten miles, 
with a strong S.W. wind. Other starters were expected, 
but none were at hand. Ashumet led over the course, El- 
freda making a good second until she broke down on 
the return. Ashumet' s elapsed time was 1:46:48. 
The judges were C. S. Willard, J. E. Corr and S. 
Ayers. , 
Fall River Y. C. 
Fall River — Mount Hope Bay. 
Saturday, July 2. 
The Fall River Y. C. sailed a lively race for the 15ft. 
class on July 2, for the Boyd prizes; the times being: 
Start. Finish. 
Taboo, West Borden 3 46 26 5 15 28 
Columbia, Wood Bros 3 46 39 5 15 55 
Eva, J. Whitehead 3 47 49 5 31 00 
Paradox, Jeff Borden , 3 47 51 5 41 21 
Columbia lost her bowsprit near the end of the course, 
but made a close second. . . 
57 
— 1 
New Rochelle Y. C Annual Regatta. 
New Rochelle— Long Island. 
Saturday, July 2. 
The New Rochelle Y. C. held its annual regatta, as 
usual, on July 2, over the regular club triangles, starting 
off Echo Bay. A fleet of forty-six yachts started, and 
all covered the course in spite of a provoking light east- 
erly wind, which fell to a calm at one time, though a light 
south wind came up to help in the last boats. The times 
were: 
First Division, Start 12 :35— Sloops— 51ft. Class. 
Length. Elapsed. Corrected. 
Bansbee, Henry Doscher 43.50 1 15 10 1 15 10 
Second Division, Start 12:40— Cabin Sloops— 43ft. Class. 
Pontiac, H. Hanlein, Jr 40.70 2 55 52 2 53 38 
Huzzar, J. D. Baird 41.05 2 52 16 2 52 16 
Cabin Slo&ps — 36ft. Class. 
Anoatok, Oswald Sanderson 34.15 2 49 53 2 49 53 
Margaret, E. S. Shuttleworth 33.93 3 27 48 
Cabin Yawl Class. 
Fidelio, E. K. Sanford 33.40 3 31 54 3 31 54 
Open Yawl Class. 
Jane S., Dr. Francis Volk 29.25 
Cabin Sloops — 30ft. Class. 
Twilight, Eugene Lambden 29.82 
J. F. Carroll, H. Piepgrass N.M. 3 22 40 
Daisy, R. M. Hyde 29.66 3 55 35 
Bingo, W. N. Bavier 25.24 
Third Division, Start 12:45 — Cabin Sloops — 35ft. Class. 
Cambrian, F. W. Smedley 24.00 3 54 18 3 52 25 
Bonnie Bairn, F. H. Waldorf 20.31 3 19 17 3 09 13 
Emyzol, A. Tissot 25.00 3 31 45 3 11 45 
Open Sloops— 25ft. Class. 
Ida, O. H. Chelborg 25.00 2 22 50 2 22 50 
Open Sloops— 20ft. Class. 
Gold Bug, C. D. Molloy 20.00 2 35 13 2 35 13 
Keneu, M. Clark 20.00 Not timed. 
Akabo, Clark A. Miller 20.00 2 18 54 2 18 64 
Open Sloops — 15ft. Class. 
Edwina II., J. N. Gould 15.00 2 18 51 2 18 51 
Fiddler, Nelson Voltz 13.50 2 39 37 
Fourth Division, Start 12:50— Cabin Cats— 30ft. Class. 
Volsung, De Forrest Bros 28.70 2 25 03 
Dosoris II., G. P. Vail '....29.24 2 27 45 
Kit, T. J. Dunne 29.19 2 15 58 
Dot, C. T. Pierce 30.00 2 19 46 
Cabin Cats— 25ft. Class. 
Grace, John F. Lambden 22.55 3 08 07 
Win or Lose, J. S. Appleby 23.40 2 33 41 
Wanda, F. T. Bedford, Jr 25.00 3 14 44 
Shippan, William Bradley 24.70 2 37 24 
Cabin Cats— 20ft. Class. 
Amos, Charles Silkworth 19.70 2 22 11 2 22 11 
Fifth Division, Start 12:55— Open Cats— 20ft. Class. 
Minnetonka, A. B. Alley 19.98 3 19 35 
Sora, W. Hoey 19.65 2 56 22 
Viking N.M. 4 00 20 
Open Cats— 15ft. Class. 
Lark, C. G. Davis 15.00 2 26 43 2 26 43 
Lobster, T. S. Flint 15.00 2 26 40 2 26 40 
Sixth Division, Start 1:05— Knockabouts— Special Class. 
Indianola, L. R. Alberger 21.00 Not timed. 
Kenosha, Charles Voltz 21.00 4 01 45 ... 
Mongoose, Simeon Ford 21.00 3 50 22 ..... 
Senta, Daniel Bacon 21.00 Not timed. 
Seventh Division, Start 1:10— Dories— Special Class. 
Tern, Mr. Greely 15.00 1 23 00 
Prize, Mr. Janes 15.00 1 17 39 
Ketch II., Mr. Ketchum 15.00 1 18 37 
Black Cat, Mr. Dayton 15.00 1 28 02 
Yellow Pup, Mr. Somerville 15.00 1 32 34 
Porgie, Mr. Downing 15.00 1 24 38 
The winners were: Banshee, Huzzar, Anoatok, Fi- 
delio, John F. Carroll, Bonnie Born, Ida, Akabo, Ed- 
wina II., Kit, Wanda, Amos, Sora, Lobster, Mongoose 
and Prize. 
Huzzar sailed her first race, having been launched the 
same morning. Prior to the start a meeting of the coun- 
cil of the Y. R. A. was held to consider a protest/ against 
the new catboat Wanda, as not complying with the 
restrictions of a cabin yacht. The protest was not sus- 
tained. After the race Volsung protested Kit for foul- 
ing at the first mark. The regatta committee included 
Messrs. C. P. Tower, Paul A. Meyrowitz, J. C. Lippen- 
cott, John W. Rough and A. P. Weston. 
Boston Qty. Regatta. 
Boston — Boston Harbor. 
Monday, July 4. 
The regular city regatta was sailed on July 4, at Bos- 
ton, under the rules of the Y. R. A. of Massachusetts, 
with a good field of starters. There was a puffy, whole- 
sail breeze from S.W., making a good race. In the 25ft. 
class Eleanor had a lead toward the end, but missed 
a mark of the course and was disqualified. The times 
were: 
35ft. Class. 
. , . Elapsed. 
Chieftain, M. R. Peterson , .....3 39 12 
Violet, H. J. McKee 3 43 12 
30ft. Class. 
Meemer, R. C. Nickerson ....1 58 37 
Ashumet, C. F. Bache .2 00 45 
Elfreda, Hall & Johnson 2 06 27 
Emma C, P. A. Coupal 2 21 23 
25ft. Class. 
Nettie, Walter Burgess 2 12 22 
Little Peter, H. Moebs 2 15 06 
Beatrice, John Cavanaugh 2 15 14 
Hermes, A. W. Chesterton , 2 15 56 
Eleanor D. B. Clapp Disqualified. 
Rival, W. S. Nickerson Withdrew. 
21ft. Class. 
Tacoma, Elmer Prior 2 1146 
Cleopatra, H. M. Faxon „ 2 13 55 
21ft. Cabin Class. 
Privateer^ A. E. Schaaf 2 1148 
Thetis, C. D. Lanning 2 20 23 
Harriet, L. T. Harrington 2 2142 
Omeme, W. P. Barker 2 26 30 
Helen, T. Hagerty 2 31 31 
Cruiser, Q. Tucker ,. Withdrew. 
18ft. Class. 
Duchess, C. D. Mower 1 54 39 
Circe, F. L. Pigeon 1 54 49 
Vamoose, R. M. Benner 1 57 50 
Fantasy, Wm. Allerton 2 05 56 
Perhaps, J. E. Robinson ..Withdrew. 
Alpine, C. J. Blethen Withdrew. 
15ft. Class. 
Vitesse, E. H. Clapp 1 26 32 
Ray, S. A. Freeman ... -. .....1 30 26 
Katydid, J. F. Small , \ 37 07 
Cash prizes and Association pennant and percentages 
go to the winners, subject to decisions on protests. 
Circe protests Duchess on measurement, and also for 
fouling Alpine. Vitesse is protested on measurement. 
The committee included Com. E. W. Dixon, Atlantic 
Y. C; Capt William Daly, Sec'y A. T. Bliss, of the Y. 
R. A. of M.; Com. C. H. Chapman, Volunteer Y. C ■ 
Com. W. H. Russell, Lynn Y. C, and Com. T. s! 
Young, Revere Y. C. 
