FOREST AND STREAM. 
j July, i'6, 1898. 
The Fouling; of Marks, 
Is connection with the race between Vigilant and 
Navahoe off Newport last season, on Sept. 4, in which 
the former was disqualified for touching a mark with the 
end of her boom, wc discussed at some length the ques- 
tion of this class of what may be called a technical foul 
as distinguished from actual violent collision with the 
mark. The same subject is very ably dealt With from the 
opposite point of view by Mr. W. Baden-Powell, the 
canoeing editor of the Field, an old and experienced 
yacht and canoe sailor, and a member of the Council of 
the British Y. R. A. In spite of the difference in size 
between Vigilant and a 15ft. canoe, the principle in- 
volved is identical in both cases if we consider that the 
mark in the case of a yacht race is the usual light 
triangular raft of open timbers surmounted by a flag or 
ball. 
While the punishment of absolute disqualification is 
undoubtedly too severe in some cases, such as that of 
Vigilant and the one mentioned below, of Nautilus, we 
still see no other practicable solution of the difficulty. 
The consequences of the fouling of a buoy are too 
serious; even though no material injur)' to boats or 
crews may follow, the removal or destruction of a mark 
may ruin an important race. Yachtsmen are always 
prone to take chances at a mark, and some very strong 
measure of restraint is necessary. It is hardly possible 
to make the man who has fouled a mark in the ex- 
citement of racing the judge of his own error, com- 
pelling him as punishment to lose time in a second 
rounding. 
Hard as it is in some cases, wc believe that the best 
interests of yachting are served by the rigid enforce- 
ment of the rule that a yacht in airy way touching 
a mark, unless wrongfully compelled to do so by out- 
side influence, shall be disqualified; and further, that 
it is the duty of every helms'inan who is thus disqualified 
beyond question or doubt to instantly withdraw from 
the race in order to leave a fair field for those legiti- 
mately entitled to continue. Instances are found every 
day where skippers, after running down and overturn- 
ing a mark, or nearly wrecking another vessel through a 
failure to give way when on port tack, calmly continue 
in the race, blanketing and obstructing the legitimate 
contestants. The evils arising from any loose construc- 
tion or enforcement of the rule as it now stands are. we 
consider, far. more serious than the hardship of an unde- 
served disqualification at times. 
The question of the fouling a mark disqualifying the 
canoe which fouls it has often been discussed, and opin- 
ion is very evenly divided pro and con, the liability of 
disqualification. We certainly feel inclined to side with 
the non-disqualification set in regard to some kinds of 
fouling. Brushing aside prejudice and present usage, let 
us see how the matter stands from an abstract sailing 
point of view. The turning marks on a sailing course 
are necessary to define the shortest distance that may be 
taken, therefore they have to be "rounded"; but the 
touching of such a mark accidentally in rounding it, un- 
less the mark is thereby damaged or displaced, cannot 
make the slightest difference to sailing results from a 
true sailing point of view, or from a sportsmanlike rac- 
ing point of view. Surely no sportsman cares to take, 
or feels proud of taking, a prize handed to him on the 
fact that the boat which had fairly outsailed him over 
the whole of the course was disqualified by rule for hav- 
ing slightly touched one of the turning marks. 
Going back a bit into history, the origin of disqualify- 
ing a yacht for touching a mark was a necessary measure 
for the protection of life and property; in the old days 
in most cases, and even now in some, the marks on a 
yachting race course were boats, with men in them, lying 
at anchor, and a recklessly handled yacht could easily 
wreck or sink such markboats. Then the great iron 
channel marks became the turning marks, and surely 
no one ever wished purposely, or even carelessly, to 
touch such a nasty hard mark, either with hull or spar; 
but when it comes down to a canoe race, around innocent 
little can buoys, placed in very confined maneuvering 
space of water, the disqualification for accidental im- 
material fouling becomes simply ridiculous. 
Of course it is necessary to place a penalty on such 
fouling as drags the mark out of place or as cuts it 
adrift; and also perhaps one vessel causing another to 
foul a' mark with her hull should be disqualified, because 
in decree Q { speed and wind or sea such fouling, involun- 
tary 011 the part of the canoe actually fouling, might 
bring grave damage to that canoe and be purposely done 
by the outside canoe. Taking one recent case of what 
we may call immaterial fouling of a mark, in the R. C. C. 
sailing race on Hendon Lake on May 30, sailing four 
rounds, nearly eight miles, in the fourth round, and 
within a quarter of a mile of the finish, a buoy had to be 
rounded "in the bight." a very confined little bay with 
shoal water all about the place. Nautilus, sailing third 
in the race, and well awav from the next canoe, gybed 
at the buoy and rounded nearly her boom's length off, 
but immediately after the gybe the' boom, by a sudden 
flaw of the fitful breeze in that sheltered portion of the 
lake was flung back again for a moment, and the main 
sheet just tioped the can buoy. Her owner, of course, 
reported the matter to the officer of the day on arrival, 
and the next canoe, Vanessa, was awarded third prize; 
and Nautilus not only lost the prize, but the score for 
that race in the record prize, which goes from race to 
race. This is only one out of several such cases this 
season. • V] ... '.. * > 
Now on the strict reading of the sailing rule on this 
matter/and apart from usage, it may be doubted whether 
the intention ever was to disqualify for other than the 
hull fouling the mark. The rule says: "each canoe must 
go fairly round the course, and must not touch any buoy. 
Any canoe causing a mark vessel in any way to shift 
her position to avoid being fouled by such canoe shall 
be disqualified." Evidently in this rule the last sentence 
is simply copied from some yacht club rule (it was made 
before the Y. R. A. existed), and contemplates men in a 
markboat: but as to the "must not touch," it probably 
means "with her hull," because in the next rule, for 
completing the course, it is clearly set out "no bowsprit, 
spars or other gear or fittings nqt part of the canoe s 
hull shall be taken into account." However, without 
troubling to imagine how the framers intended the rules 
to be read, we may come down to the practical question. 
Is it the general desire of canoe racers that rules are to 
be microscopically obeyed? Is the officer of the day 
bound to disqualify an owner who conscientiously re- 
ports an immaterial infraction of a rule, an infraction 
which he alone perhaps is aware of? If the answer 
is in the affirmative, we are afraid the confessional 
would upset some of the prize destinations at Hendon, 
and also, consequently, in the record; for instance, if a 
lifebuoy is carried below a fastened hatch it is an in- 
fraction of the rule that the lifebuoj' "shall be ready for 
use." or where a canoe has not got her L.W.L. marked, 
or her flag has blown its end off and is less than re- 
quired. The owner knows these things; is he not bound 
conscientiously to report them, even though immaterial 
to the performance? If reported, is the officer not bound 
to disqualify equally so as he does to the case of touching 
a mark? Possibly the best way to settle the mark-round- 
ing matter would be to enact that if a canoe in any way 
touches a mark she shall go round it again, i. e., complete 
a circle there and then before going on to the next 
mark; but that if she drags the mark from its position 
she shall be disqualified, or if she sink the buoy she shall 
be disqualified and shall herself anchor about the spot 
and act as rounding-mark for the remaining competitors, 
so as not to throw the racers out for want of a mark. 
In the table. Column t gives the coefficient of the 
midship section. Column to gives the amount of cor- 
rection in the form of length which would be added to 
the present Seawanhaka measurement in the case of 
yachts of extreme beam or draft (or both), and limited 
area of section. Column 11 gives the amount of correc- 
tion which would be subtracted from the present meas- 
urement in the case of yachts of fuller section and less 
extreme dimensions. 
1 
■o 
e . 
Wi c 
p.c 
.48. 
.48. 
.ST. 
' [46* 
.48. 
.52. 
.505. 
.405. 
.375. 
,40. 
.37. 
.40. 
,361}. 
.42. 
.355. 
.42. 
.33. 
.-89*, 
.305. 
.375. 
.375. 
.20, 
I I 
Puritan. ..21 .70 
Volunteer^. 10 
,Vieilant..2S.O0 
Defender.2t.04 
. Katrina.. 10.50 
T tania...l0.SO 
.Clara.... 9.15 
Cind'reilal.VSO 
. Gloriana. 12.50 
Wasp. . . 
.Emerald 
.Colon ia . 
.Sea Fox. 
Lasca. . . 
Amorita 
12. ?0 
21 .00 
21 .75 
21 .50 
21 .00 
.IS. no 
■ Minerva .10.10 
I2.S.0 
13.00 
10.10 
in. on 
S.00 
9.50 
Liris. . 
.Nymph . 
Norota. , 
Kathleen 
.Infanta. . 
.Petrel. . . 
. Audax. . 
.Elephant.13.25 
Dragoon .10.00 
.Pixie 0.00 
.El Chico, 0.00 
. J' lHcirie 5.00 
■ Ariel 20.00 
.Iroquois. .20.00 
-t- 
10.00 
13.00 
io.oo 
9.00 
8. lit) 
9.50 
0.56 
9.75 
10.50 
10.25 
14.45 
M.10 
10.12 
11 .40 
8.45 
10.33 
0.15 
6,811 
7.50 
0.30 
4. 84 
0.5(1 
3.75 
3.30 
0.42 
0.50 
.44 
03 
29. 85 
32.10 
30. oo 
40. (H 
28.50 
2S.45 
IS. 05 
22.30 
22.25 
23.00 
XI. 25 
30.20 
01 .00 
31 .72 
29.40 
lfi.61 
23.13 
19.81 
K9fl 
17.50 
15,20 
12.84 
111.00 
17.00 
13.90 
13.32 
10.10 
5.44 
29.75 
26.92 
• <i 
84.90 
95.00 
1 10.22 
120.00 
£8.16 
70.40 
43.75 
50.90 
50.70 
48.00 
99.15 
117.30 
90.17 
100. S4 
75.20 
32.21." 
45.00 
4*. 00 
. as .■on 
20.33 
10.85 
14.24 
23.00 
27.20 
13.35 
12.38 
8.43 
1.T4 
8-'. 10 
85.01 
I 
9.21 
9.75 
10.50 
10.95 
9.00 
S.57 
0.01 
7.14 
7.12 
fi.93 
9.90 
10.83 
9.50 
10.04 
S.07 
) 5.08 
0.71 
0.50 
5.29 
5.42 
4.10 
3.77 
4. SO 
5.22 
3.0 i 
8.52 
2.9 I 
1.02 
9.00 
9.22 
c + 
o . 
'5 1 
O X 
&2 
3.247 
3.30 
3.48 
3*1*4 
3.32 
2.S2 
3.13 
3.125 
3.32 
8.14 
3.34 
3.3.'0 
3.10 
3.40 
3.276 
3.45 
3.03 
8,57 
3.28 
3.70 
8.41 
3.33 
8.20 
3.81 
8.78 
4.54 
4.12 
0.2S 
3.13 
10 
■4 -IS 
pi iff 
> 
-eo . 
80.70 
82.50 
85.00 
80.50 
00.20 
28.57 
22.03 
23 . SO 
23. T3 
28. 10 
33.20 
36.10 
31. 6T 
33.17 
26.90 
18.93 
22.37 
21. S7 
17.03 
is. 07 
13.07 
12.57 
10. no 
IT. 10 
12.20 
11. T3 
9.07 
4.40 
80.21 
00.73 
.00 
.14 
.10 
.50 
"to 
i "ei 
i'.£8 
.2T 
1 .70 
1.59 
8.49 
1.04 
11 
V, ° 
W 
,S5 
.40 
1.70 
.12 
3.38 
1.44 
1.48 
.10 
1.95 
'!0T 
1.T5 
"32 
2!oo 
"!&T 
.40 
.40 
1,81 
Royal St. Lawrence Y, C. 
Doival — Lake St. Louis. 
Friday, July i. 
The Royal St. Lawrence Y. C. celebrated Dominion 
Day by a race for the 'Sir Donald A. Smith cup, and three 
short races for the 20ft. class. The former resulted as 
follows: 
July i, 1898. — Race for Sir Donald A. Smith cup prize. 
Weather. — Fine. 
Wind. — Moderately fresh; westerly. 
Preparatory Gun. — ti:io; start, 11:15; course A. 
Finish. 
Mollv Bawn, W. Kavanagh 1 18 40 
Rita," C. O. C. Clarke 1 16 10 
Good Luck, A. Hersev ...118 45 
The results of the 20ft. 
First race— Start 11: 
trials were: 
Finish. 
Strathcona 12 16 00 
Speculator 12 11 30 
Glevicairn 12 C8 ur, 
Second race— Start 12:40: 
Strathcona ..1 28 35 
Speculator .1 29 20 
Third race: 
Glencairn ... 4 21 15 
Avoca , 4 23 40 
T^our"! race -Start 4:50: 
Finish. 
Avoca 12 07 33 
Glenowen Disabled. 
Manitou .Disabled. 
Glencairn 
Avoca 1 29 45 
Strathcona 4 24 00 
Manitou 4 2) 45 
Glencairn 
Avoca . . . 
,5 22 40 
. 4 20 40 
Strathccna 
Manitou .. 
5 21 4E 
Saturday. July 2. 
Three more short races were sailed, each being won 
Strathcona 1 , sailed by Mr. Almon. The times were; 
First race— Start 3:50: 
Finis 
Strathcona, Almon 4 37 
Glencairn, Duggan 141 
Speculator, Hamilton 4 41 
Avoca, Shearwood 4 42 
Glenowen, Davidson • 4 44 
Manitou, Drummond 4 48 
Second race — Start 4:58: 
Strathcona, Almon 5 32 
Glencairn, Duggan , 5 34 
Speculator, Hamilton 5 34 
Avoca, Shearwood 5 35 
Glenowen, Davidson 5 35 
Manitou, Drummond , ,. 5 35 
Third race— Start 5:49: 
Strathcona, /?tmon 6 23 
Glencairn, Duggan , , 6 24 
Manitou, Drummond , 6 2t> 
Glenowen, Davidson , 6 27 
Speculator, Hamilton 6 2 
Avoca, Shearwood • 
.6 27 
h. 
22 
17 
45 
53 
11 
18 
00 
18 
40 
10 
35 
55 
21 
15 
47 
18 
32 
55 
The Radix Folding Centerfeoard. 
We have had inquiries for the Radix patent folding 
centerboard, and learn that it has been acquired as one 
of the best fittings manufactured by Messrs. M. E. 
Blasier & Co., of Utica, N. Y. 
Larchmont Y. C. 
The uncertainty that has prevailed for some time as to 
the racing of the Larchmont Y. C. this season was by 
no means dispelled by the following notice, recently sent 
out: 
"Certain members of the Larchmont Y. C. having ex- 
pressed a desire to race on July 4, the trustees have de- 
cided that, while the usual annual regatta will be omit- 
ted, the regatta committee will manage races between 
any yachts that may desire to compete on that day, and 
will offer suitable commemorative prizes. Entries should 
be forwarded to the regatta committee on or before next 
Saturday." 
As it happened, there were thirty-five starters, and had 
the race been duly announced as the club's annual event, 
there would probably have been nearly twice as many. 
The wind started in light S.W., shifting to N.E. and 
bringing up a squall from that quarter. Anoatok sailed 
in two different classes, winning in each. The times 
were: 
First Division, Start 12:05— Sloops. Class L. 
Elapsed. Corrected. 
Hussar. James D. Baird 3 43 35 3 43 35 
Anoatok, Oswald Sanderson 3 40 26 . .. ... 
Class M. 
Anoatcok, O. Sanderson 3 40 26 ... . 
Acushla, C. T. Wills 3 42 04 3 42 04 
Yawls — Class M. 
Albicore. Seymore J. Hyde 4 00 19 4 00 17 
Fidelio, Ed J. Sanford 4 37 52 
Second Division, Start 12:10— Class N. 
Newasi, A. H. W. Johnson ....2 28 40 2 28 40 
Third Division— Start 12:15— Class P. 
Bonnie Bairn, F. H. Waldorf 3 18 18 3 18 IS 
Class P — Raceabouts. 
Mongoose, Simeon Ford 2 43 56 2 43 50 
Mariposa 2 50 16 2 45 1 6 
S. C. Y. C. Knockabouts— Class P. 
Dipper, Arthur Iselin 2 52 16 2 52 16 
Dacoit, J. R. Maxwell 2 54 37 2 54 37 
Gloria, J. R. Maxwell 2 51 34 2 51 34 
Frances, George J. Milne ....2 59 02 2 59 02 
Midge, F. W. Boyer 2 55 44 2 55 44 
Folly Withdrew. 
Fourth Division— Start 12:20. 
Akabo, Clark A. Miller 2 36 14 - 2 36 14 
Gold Bug , . ... ... 
Seawanhaka, C. H. Crane 2 37 28 2 37 26 
Asthore, J. B. Jones 2 54 53 2 54 53 
Class S. 
Kit, T. J. Dunne 2 28 03 2 28 03 
Volsung, De Forrest Bros 2 34 48 2 34 48 
Dosoris II ... 2 48 08 2 48 08 
Fifth Division— Start 12:25— Class T— Catboats, 25ft. 
Wanda, F. L. Bedford 2 29 18 2 29 18 
Ella, A. H. Pirie Withdrew. 
Shippan, A. H. Bradley 2 43 03 2 43 03 
Sixth Division— Start 12:30— Class V.— 20ft. Cats. 
Dinga, A. H. Pirie Withdrew. 
Sara, W. Hoey, Jr 2 57 46 2 57 46 
Mmnetoska, A. Pryan Alley 2 58 00 2 58 00 
Class W — 15ft. Cats — Once Around. 
Lobster, T. J. S. Flint 2 25 15 2 '25 15 
Turk. Charles G. Davis 2 22 26 2 22 24 
Edwina II.. J. Nelson Gould 2 16 27 2 16 27 
Cora, H. Stevenson 2 41 07 2 41 07 
The winners were Anoatok, two classes; Albicore, 
Newasi, Bonnie Bairn, Mongoose, Gloria, Akabo, Kit, 
Wanda, Sora and Edwina II. 
Royal Canadian Y. C. Queen's Ct»p. 
Toronto — Lake Ontario. 
Friday, July 1. 
The race for the Queen's cup of the Royal Canadian 
Y. C. was a very perfunctory affair this year, only three 
yachts entering and two starting. One of these, Wona, 
is the old Burgess cutter of the 22ft. class, now owned by 
Eby Bros., of Toronto. The other, Verona, is a new 
boat, designed and built by James Wier, of Hamilton, 
for W. J. Biggar. She is in the 27ft. class, a wide, shoal 
hull, similar to Hiawatha and Kestrel, with deep wooden 
fin and iron keel. Hiawatha entered, but did not start. 
The wind was very light from the west and the day 
hot and sunny. The course was a ten-mile triangle on 
the lake, sailed twice. Verona lost some time through 
mistaking a mark, but won very easily. The times were. 
Start 10:32. 
Finish. Elapsed. Corrected. 
Verona 3 29 48 5 07 48 5 07 48 
Wona 3 41 39 5 19 39 5 13 19 
Verona won by 5m. and 31s., allowing 6m. and 20s. 
Quincy Y* C. Handicap Race. 
Quincy — Boston Harbor. 
Saturday, June 25. 
The Quincy Y. C. sailed its first handicap race on 
June 25, the course being off Hough's Neck. A strong 
S.W. wind compelled the fleet to turn in two and three 
reefs, and several were disabled. Helen was dismasted, 
Arbutus broke her boom, and Stella Manning lost her 
bowsprit. The times were: 
Handicap. 
Hustler, C. C. Collins 0 09 00 
Thisbee, H. W r . Robbins 0 07 00 
Chatham, George Carey 0 09 00 
Dorothy, F. F. Crane 0 05 00 
Moondyne, A. J. Shaw 0 10 00 
Supero, C. H. Alden . . 
Kitty, J. A. Evans 
'Stella Manning, E. B. Glover 
Arbutus, Hall & Merritt 
Princeps, J. L. Whiton 
Tantrum 
Vexer, W. H. Shaw 
Sunbeam, H. B. Faxon 
Elapsed. 
29 32 
35 20 
37 56 
50 12 
46 26 
59 13 
19 18 
Disabled. 
Disabled. 
Withdrew. 
Withdrew. 
Withdrew. 
Withdrew. 
Corrected. 
1 38 32 
42 20 
46 56 
55 12 
56 26 
59 13 
19 13 
Hull Mosqttito Y. C 
Hull — Boston Harbor. 
Saturday, June 25. 
The first race of the Hull Mosquito Y. C. was sailed 
on June 25 in a strong S.W. wind, the course being 
off? -James' Pier, Hull. The times were: 
First Class. 
Length 
Aurora, A. F. Hay den 15.10 
Rabbit, Fred Keyes 16.06 
. Second Class. 
Isidora, Harry Cleverly 14.11 
ISfoname, P. F. Folsom 
Bubble, W. Field, W. Burwell, broke tiller, capsized 
Elapsed. 
0 58 1 5 
1 07 30 
0 52 00 
0 55 45 
