358 
[Oct. 29, 1898. 
Length. 
Over all 
22.5 
24.5 
25 
25 
25.5 
25' 
Ninth.— As first stated, the limit of sail area was 
ooosq.ft.; this is a large rig for a yacht, but will of 
course drive it faster, and if speed is a vital considera- 
tion there is a sufficient righting moment to carry it 
in moderate weather. My own belief is that soosq.ft 
is better, not only because it can be carried longer and 
more comfortably, but also because it requires more 
careful trimming and management to get a high average 
speed, thereby developing a greater skill m sailing, and 
requiring a more perfect form, emphasizing the differ- 
ence in form more than it would emphasize with a more ] 
powerful rig. . 
Tenth.— The limit of displacement is placed at 2 
3 0oolbs., the division of weight being i.ooolbs. ballast, 
450lbs. crew, i,20olbs. hull and rig, and the balance 
reserved for the anchors, lines, cushions, etc. This 4 
limit of displacement is the minimum that can be g 
adopted and have anything like a wholesome yacht. 
It might be advantageous to increase the displacement 6 
by soolbs., and the ballast by 2oolbs., but this would 
necessarily slightly decrease the speed, at the same time A1I dimensions in feet 
increasing the righting moment and consequent sail- 
carrying power. This limit would always be a mini- 
mum. • ■. 
Eleventh.— Limiting the freeboard to ibin. secures 
a sufficient amount to render the yacht properly dry and 
seaworthy; the designer would of course be at liberty 
to use a greater freeboard if desired. 
Twelfth.— These various elements taken together may 
be made to produce any style of yacht, from the purely 
freak racing machine down to the. most serviceable 
and seaworthy of cruisers, depending on their relative 
amounts, as I have said before, but they always allow 
liberty of choice in the selection of form; and they are 
the fewest elements which can be used to secure good 
racing in a class; no substitution for any of them 
through so-called equivalents is possible without disas- 
trous results, so far as it is possible for me to see. Next 
to the pleasure of seeing an actual trial made would 
be the pleasure of having some one point out a means 
of evading these restrictions, just as I have pointed out 
how easy it is to evade the restrictions of any of the 
rules heretofore proposed. 
Thirteenth.— It may be urged that there are practical 
difficulties in the way of determining the above-men- 
tioned elements. To. this it may be answered that these 
difficulties have been overcome in England. that_ the 
affidavits of the designer that the yacht measures within 
a class should be sufficient evidence except in a case 
of palpable dishonesty, when it would 1 be but a small 
matter to check his designs and prove it. For inter- j 
national racing, the character of the men engaged therein ■ —V 
should be sufficient to warrant "the acceptance of their - 
statements; should this be objected to, it would be easy 
to verify the measurements on the actual yacht. If the 
present practice of making a- noticeable separation in 
the classes of yachts, rating them at the maximum length 
of the class with a one-gun start, a slight discrepancy 
or a slight excess of racing' length over the class limits 
would have so trifling an influence on the speed as 
compared with the- personal influence of the skipper 
and crew that the question of an inch or two on one side 
or other of the line could be neglected. 
Fourteenth— The above is all predicated on the de- 
sire of the committee for a desirable type of yacht, and 
the precedents already established by the committee. I 
would suggest that if speed be considered of paramount 
importance then the logical comparison is by sail area 
alone, permitting the designer to build anything under 
the sun which can carry the sail and make the time, in- 
cluding single hull, double hull, proas or anything else 
that the ingenuity of man can devise, sacrificing abso- 
lutely everything to the one consideration of speed. 
Fifteenth— I send herewith sketches of several differ- 
ent types which are possible under the rule. They are 
not worked out in great detail, but are suggestive of the 
possibilities. Some of them are more like racing ma- 
chines than others, but all are seaworthy and can be 
used for sailing and single-handed cruising advanta- 
geously. 
The following is worthy of note: 
A double-hull like Dominion must sail on a form sim- 
ilar to Fig. 3 or a modification of Fig. 1. 
An extension of the overhangs will result in increased 
windage, and would only be of occasional use. A study 
of the photos of the 20s will further emphasize this 
poiaiti '. % •>.• ', . 
The majority, of ■ the forms will be fast, and as the 
conditions of racing change, will have a chance to win 
prizes. Geo. Hill. \ 
Erect W.L. 
Inclined 
W.L. 
18 
•20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
Breadth. 
Erect. 
6.0 
9.7 
4.5 
4.0 
5.0 
Inclined. 
4.2 
5.0 
4.5 
4.0 
5.5 
5.0 
Relative 
righting 
2.9 
4.3 
1.2 
1.0 
1.7 
1.9 
D h P nfl.° f Head room 
1.0 
0.5 
1.5 
3.0 
1.0 
1.5 
3.2 
3.0 
3.7 
3.7 
3.0 
Type. 
Fin Form improves when heeled. 
C B —Form improves when heeled 
Fin - Form unchanged when heeled 
Keel— Form degenerates when heeled. 
C B Form improves when heeled 
Fin- Form degenerates when heeled 
1 -sSs 
Y. R. A. of Massachusetts, 
The annual meeting of the Y.-R. A', of Massachusetts 
was held on Oct. 20, at Young's Hotel, Boston, with 
Pres. L. M. Clark in the chair; twenty-four clubs being 
represented. The amendment prohibiting the cutting of 
notches in stem or stern at the L.W.L., to evade meas- 
urement, was rejected, also the amendment providing 
for measurement with actual crew on board. After dis- 
cussion, the rig allowance to schooners and yawls was 
left unchanged, but the executive committee was author- 
ized to draw up definitions of the two rigs, to exclude 
nominal rigs intended merely to profit by the rule. The 
following was added to this rule: "These races are in- 
tended for yachts of the ordinary type, and any evasions 
in the shape of double-hull, catamaran, sharpie, etc, can- 
not be entered." 
The following amendment was adopted: 
''A deposit of $2 must accompany a protest on meas- 
urement. The fee for measurement shall be paid for by 
the party in the wrong. The measurement of the official 
measurer shall be final." 
The following was adopted: 
"All cabin yachts must be measured and raced in ac- 
cordance wi f h the restrictions mentioned in the 'defini- 
tion of a cabin yacht.' " 
The amendment prohibiting the carrying of ballast in 
bags was not adopted. 
The following was also adopted: 
"Amendments to these racing rules must be submitted 
to the executive committee at least seven days before the 
meeting at which they are to be acted upon." 
z.nz r.* 6 
POSSIBLE TYPES OF RESTRICTED TWENTY-FOOTERS.. 
1 
