126 ORGANOGRAPHY. BOOK 1. 
Brown, the gluma interior or corollina and perigonium of some, 
the stragulum of Palisot de Beauvois, the gluma of Richard, 
the hale or Glumella of De CandoUe and Desvaux, the palece 
of others. When the arista proceeds from the very apex of 
the bracts, and not from below it, it is denominated in the 
writings of Palisot a seta. Within the last-mentioned bracts, 
and opposite to them, are situated two extremely minute 
colourless fleshy scales [Jig. 68. e), which are sometimes 
connate : these are named corolla by Micheli and Dumortier, 
nectarium by Linnaeus, squamulce by Jussieu and Brown, 
glumella by Richard, glumellula by Desvaux and De Candolle, 
lodicula by Palisot de Beauvois, and periphyllia by Link. 
Amidst these conflicting terms it is not easy to determine 
which to adopt. I recommend the exterior empty bracts to 
be called glumes ; those immediately surrounding the fer- 
tilising organs palece; and the minute hj'pogjTious ones 
scales or squamulce. 
The pieces of which these three classes of bracts are com- 
posed are called valves or valvules by the greater part of 
botanists; but as that term has been thought not to convey an 
accurate idea of their nature, Desvaux has proposed to sub- 
stitute that of spathella, which is adopted by De Candolle. 
Palisot proposed to restrict the term glume to the pieces 
of the glume, and to call the pieces of the perianthium palece. 
Richard called the pieces of both glume and perianthium 
palece, and the scales paleolce. It seems to me most con- 
venient to use the term valvula ; because it is more familiar to 
botanists than any other, and because I do not see the force 
of the objection which is taken to it. 
In the genus Carex two bracts {Jig. 68. z, h) become con- 
fluent at the edges, and enclose the pistil, leaving a passage 
for the stigmas at their apex. They thus form a single urceo- 
late body named urceolus or perigynium. De Candolle justly 
observes, in his Theorie, that some botanists call this nec- 
tarium, although it does not produce honey ; others capsula, 
although it has nothing to with the fruit ; but he does not 
seem to me more correct than those he criticises in arranging 
the urceolus among his miscellaneous appendages of the floral 
organs, which are "ni organes genitaux ni tegumens." I 
