CHAP. II. 
CARPOLOGY. 
•201 
XIII. Samara, Gcertn.; — ^e'z/. (Pteridium, Mirb.; Vtcrodinm, Desv.),JigAAS. 
Two or more celled, superior ; cells few-seeded, indehiscent, dry ; elongated 
into wing-like expansions. This is nothing but a modification of the Carcerule. 
Examples. Fraxinus, Acer, Ulmus. 
XIV. Pyxidium (Pyxidium, Ehr., Rich., Mirb. ; Capsula circumscissa, Z,.), 
Jig. 153. 
One-celled, many-seeded ; superior, or nearly so ; dry, often of a thin tex- 
ture ; dehiscent by a transverse incision, so that when ripe the seed and their 
placenta appear as if seated in a cup, covered with a lid. This fruit is one- 
celled by the obliteration of the dissepiments of several carpella, as is apparent 
from the bundles of vessels which pass from the style through the pericarpium 
down into the receptacle. 
Example. Anagallis. 
XV. CoNCEPTACULUM, ( Conccptaculum, Lvm. ; Double Follicule, AIii'b.)y 
Jig. 139, 140. 
Two-celled, many-seeded, superior, separating into two portions, the seeds 
of which do not adhere to marginal placentte, as in the folliculus, to which this 
closely approaches, but separate from their placentas, and lie loose in the cavity 
of each cell. 
Examples. Asclepias, Echites. 
XVI. SiLiQUA, Linn. Jig. 155, 156, 157. 
One or two-celled, many-seeded, superior, linear, dehiscent by two valves 
separating from the replum ; seeds attached to two placentas adhering to the 
replum, and opposite to the lobes of the stigma. The dissepiment of this fruit 
is considered a spurious one formed by the projecting placentas, which some- 
times do not meet in the middle ; in which case the dissepiment or phragma 
has a slit in its centre, and is said to be fenestrate. 
XVII. — SiLicuLA, Linn. 
This differs from the latter in nothing but its figure, and in containing fewer 
seeds. It is never more than four times as long as broad, and often much shorter. 
Examples. Thlaspi, Lepidinm, Lunaria. 
XVIII. Ceratium. — (Capsula siliquiformis, Dec. ; Conceptaculum, Desv.) 
One-celled, many-seeded, superior, linear, dehiscent by two valves separat- 
ing from the replum ; seeds attached to two spongy placentae adhering to the 
replum, and alternate with the lobes of the stigma. Differs from the siliqua in 
the lobes of the stigma being alternate with the placentae, not opposite. This, 
therefore, is regular, while that is irregular in structure. 
Examples^ Glaucium, Corydalis, Hypecoum. 
XIX. Capsula, Capsule, Jig. 146, 147. 151, 152. 135, 136. 
One or many-celled, many-seeded, superior, dry, dehiscent by valves, always 
proceeding from a compound ovarium. The valves are variable in their 
nature : usually they are at the top of the fruit, and equal in number to the 
cells ; sometimes they are twice the number ; occasionally they resemble little 
pores or holes below the summit, as in the Antirhinum. 
Examples. Digitalis, Primula, Rhododendron. 
XX. Amphisarca. — (Amphisarca, Desv.) 
