506 
GEOGRAPHY. 
BOOK V. 
Character. — UmbelliferiE, Cruciferae, Coniferae, Amentaceae, Gra- 
minese, Cariceae, Fungi, Cichoraceae, Cynarocephalae : particularly 
in Asia ; Halophytae (e. g. Salsola, Salicornia), Astragaleas. 
Luxuriant growth of grass. Trees with deciduous leaves. Some 
heaths. 
Predominating trees and shrubs : Pinus sylvestris, Cembra, 
sibirica, Pinaster ; Abies excelsa, pectinata; Larix europaea, Ju- 
niperus communis, Betula alba, Alnus glutinosa and incana ; 
Fagus sylvatica, Quercus pedunculata and sessiliflora, Carpinus 
Betulus, Castanea vesca, Salices, Populus tremula, Corylus Avel- 
lana, Ulmus campestris, Erica vulgaris, Prunus spinosa, Sorbus 
aucuparia ; Acer Pseudo-platanus, platanoides, campestre ; Tilia 
platyphylla, microphylla. 
Cultivated plants : Secale cereale ; Hordeum vulgare, hexasti- 
chon, distichon ; Avena sativa ; Triticum vulgare, Spelta ; Zea 
Mays, Panicum miliaceum_, Solanum tuberosum, Polygonum 
Fagopyrum. 
Pyrus Malus, communis ; Cydonia vulgaris, Cerasus vulgaris and 
avium, Prunus domestica, Armeniaca vulgaris, Persica vulgaris, 
Morus nigra, Juglans regia, Vitis vinifera ; Ribes rubrum, Grossu- 
laria, nigrum ; Fragaria vesca, Cucumis Melo. 
Brassica oleracea, Rapa ; Raphanus sativus, Sinapis nigra and 
alba, Pisum sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Faba vulgaris, Ervum 
Lens, Spinacia oleracea, Beta vulgaris, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita 
Pepo, Carum Carvi, Daucus Carota, Humulus Lupulus, Linum 
usitatissimum. Cannabis sativa, Brassica Napus. 
Trifolium pratense and repens, Vicia sativa, Medicago sativa, 
Lolium perenne. 
in. Kingdom of Labiate and Caryophylle^e. 
(Mediterranean Kingdom De Candolle's Kingdom.) 
The regions which border the Mediterranean Sea, limited on 
the North by the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Balkan, and Caucasus ; 
on the South, by Atlas and the deserts of North Africa ; on the 
East by Taurus. Mean Temperature^ + 54?-5^ to 72'5°. 
Character. Labiatae, Caryophylleae, Boragineae, Cistineae, Li- 
liaceae. The orders mentioned under TL ; but the most of 
them less predominating, particularly Cariceae. Representations 
of tropical orders : Palmae, Terebinthaceae, Laurineae. Orders 
which increase towards the equator are more numerous than in 
II., as Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Solaneae, Euphorbiaceae, Urticeae. 
Adonis, Nigella, Trifolium, Medicago, Genista, Cytisus, Scabiosa, 
Anthemis, Achillea, Verbascum, Narcissus. Many evergreen trees 
