520 
GEOGRAPHY. 
BOOK V. 
On the sea-coast : Cocos schizophylla, Diplothemium maritimum, 
Eriocaulon sp., Xyris sp., Avicennia tomentosa, Rhizophora Mangle, 
Conocarpus erectus, Laguncularia racemosa, Bucida Buceras. 
The cultivated plants are nearly the same as in XV. Theachinensis. 
XXI. Kingdom of Woody Composite. 
(St, Hilaire's Kingdom.) 
South America on the east of the Andes from the tropic of 
Capricorn to 40^ S. L. Mean Temperature, 59° to 74-75°. 
Character. — Tropical forms decrease or disappear, extra-tropical, 
particularly European, take their places : Ranunculaceae, Cruciferae, 
Helianthemum, Caryophylleae, Lathyrus, Galium, Teucrium, Plan- 
tago, Carex ; some South African : Polygala, Oxalls, Gnaphalium, 
More than half of the genera are common to this kingdom and 
Europe. Many Compositae, among them many woody ones. 
Larrea, Hostia, Diposis, Boopis, Acicarpha, Cortesia, Petunia, 
laborosa, Tricycla, Caperonia, Bipinnula. 
Generally naked plains (pampas), where grasses and thistles are 
predominating. 
Cultivated plants : the most European are wheat and vine. 
The peach tree is very much dispersed. 
Note, The Chilian flora is not sufficiently known, and the indi- 
cations of heights are wanting. Probably several kingdoms are 
to be distinguished here. Perhaps the highest regions belong to 
Kingdom XVIII, 
XXII. Antarctic Kingdom. 
{Urvilles Kingdom.) 
The south-westerly part of Patagonia ; Tierra del Fuego, and 
the Falkland Islands, between 50° and 55^S. L. Mean Temperature, 
41° to 47-75°. 
Character. — Great resemblance with the North European flora 
(Kingdom II.). Tropical forms entirely disappear. Prevalent 
orders : Synanthereae, Gramineae, Cariceae, Musci, Lichenosae. 
Frequent also are : Ranunculaceae, Cruciferae, Caryophylleae, Rosa- 
ceae, Umbelliferae : two-thirds of the genera are found in Europe. 
A slight approximation to South Africa : Gladiolus, Witsenia, Ga- 
laxia, Crassula ; and to New Holland : Embothrium, Ourisia, 
Stylideae, Mniarum. Characteristic genera: Gaimardia, Astelia, 
Callixene, Philesia, Drapetes, Boea, Calceolaria, Pernettia, Oligos- 
porus, Nassavia, Bolax, Azorella, Donatia, Acaena, Hamadryas. 
Predominating tree-like plants: Fagus antarctica, Salix magel- 
lanica, Embothrium coccineum ; Pernettia empetrifolia, mucronata; 
