Cretaceous Gastropoda, and Pelecypoda from Zululand. 25 
The specific name is in honour of Dr. Franz Kossmat, the author 
of some valuable memoirs concerning the correlation of the Cretaceous 
deposits of India with Africa and other countries. 
Locality. — Tributaries of the Manuan Creek. 
Family TUEEITELLID^. 
Genus TUEEITELLA, Lamarck, 1799. 
Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, 1799, p. 74. 
Tureitella manuanensis, n. sp. 
Plate VIII., figs. 16, 17. 
Description. — Shell elongate, narrow, many-whorled ; volutions 
moderately deep, slightly convex, distinctly and obliquely sutured ; 
sculpture consisting of five, nearly equidistant spiral roAvs of regularly 
spaced granulations with intermediate parallel thread-like striae 
occasionally developing into minute tubercles; growth-lines obscure 
and furnished with a median, curved insinuation ; base rounded, 
convex, spirally striate and granulated. 
Dimensions. — 
Length (probable) 55 mm. 
Diameter (base) 10 ,, 
Height of basal whorl 10 ,, 
Observations. — Only three or four fragments represent this form 
of Turritella, the largest and most perfect measuring 33 mm. in 
length and possessing the seven last whorls. The basal characters 
are badly preserved, although parts of a short columella can be seen, 
whilst the aperture, now fractured, was probably more or less 
rounded. It is the dorsal view, however, of this specimen which is 
important as revealing those details of sculpture which appear to 
separate it from other species. Taking the structure of the pen- 
ultimate whorl as indicative of all the previous ones, the base is seen 
to be obliquely bevelled inwards to the suture, its surface bearing 
eight thread-like spiral striations, above being a ring of tubercles or 
granulations, then another spirally striate surface succeeded by 
further tubercles and striated interspaces to the number of five rows 
of tubercles in all, the two upper being very close to each other and 
separated by only a pair of thread-like striations. Between the two 
rows of granulations above the suture the central of the threaded lines 
develops into minute transversely elongate tubercles. Mr. Etheridge 
(Anderson's " Third and Final Eeport Geol. Surv. Natal and Zululand," 
1907, pi. 5, figs. 4, 5, p. 84) figures and describes from the Umsinene 
