4 
Transactions of the Boyal Society of South Africa. 
which outcrops near the bottora of the eastern slope of the hill. It 
is overlaid by an earthy-coloured calcareous sandstone, which forms 
the summit of the hill, and bears a close resemblance to the rock at 
the Umsinene Eiver, except that in the Umkwelane rock I saw no 
traces of fossils. The limestone is uniformly fossiliferous, and, 
usually, the fossils predominate over the matrix. The most common 
forms are the Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda, while the Cephalo- 
poda are rather rare. Polyzoa are very rare, and only occasional 
fish teeth are to be found." 
Mr. Etheridge is of opinion that " the fauna of the Umkwelane Hill 
deposit consists, with few exceptions, of bivalves and univalves, like 
that of Griesbach's stratum b, and some of the species are identical 
with those met with in the latter. There appears to be a close 
connection between the fossils of the two beds ; possibly they may 
actually be on the same horizon." Mr. Henry Woods who has 
studied collections from Pondoland, which include Baily's f and 
Griesbach's | specimens from the Umtamvuna and Umzambani 
beds, considers that the Umkwelane fossils may be correlated with 
them, and moreover recognised as belonging to the Campanian or the 
lower stage of the Upper Senonian division of the Cretaceous system. 
In opposition to this statement, however, we find that M. Lemoine § 
had previously regarded a part of the Umkwelane Hill deposits 
which he stated contained Mortoniceras, Anisoceras, &c., as analo- 
gous to the Utatur fauna of Southern India and consequently of 
Vraconnian or Cenomanian age. 
Mr. Etheridge's memoir on this deposit mentions nothing about 
the occurrence of Mortoniceras, and it is not until the publication of 
Mr. Crick's || work on the Cretaceous Cephalopoda of Zululand that 
we hear of a specimen of that genus having been obtained from 
Umkwelane Hill. 
Mr. Anderson's " Second Eeport " is, therefore, important as 
containing Mr. Etheridge's If monograph on the fossils from 
* Woods, H. — The Cretaceous Fauna of Pondoland. Annals South African 
Museum, 1906, vol. 4, part vii., p. 347. 
t Baily, W. H. — Description of some Cretaceous Fossils from South Africa, 
collected by Capt. Garden of the 45th Eegiment. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1855, 
vol. xi., plates xi.-xiii., pp. 454-465. 
+ Griesbach, C. L. — On the Geology of Natal, in South Africa. Quart. Journ. 
Geol. Soc, 1871, vol. 27, plates ii., iii., pp. 53-72. 
§ Lemoine, P. — Etudes Geologiques dans le Nord de Madagascar, 1906, p. 396. 
II Anderson, W.— Third and Final Keport of the Geological Survey of Natal 
and Zululand, 1907, p. 228. 
IT Etheridge, R. — Cretaceous Fossils of Natal collected by Mr. William 
Anderson, Government Geologist. Part I. The Umkwelane Hill Deposit : W. 
Anderson's Second Keport of the Geological Survey of Natal and Zululand, 1904. 
[London.] Plates i.-iii., pp. 71-93. 
