Cretaceous Gastropoda, and Pelecypoda from Zidiiland. 11 
Protocardia hillana, Quaas, PalcBontographica, 1902, vol. 30, part 2, 
fasc. 4, pi. 25, figs. 18-19, p. 218. 
Cardium Jiillanum, Pervinquiere : Etude Geologique Tunisie Centrale 
[Paris] 1903, p. 125. 
Protocardium liilLanum, Jukes-Browne and Hill. Cretaceous Rocks 
of Britain, Upper Chalk. Mem. Geol. Surv. United Kingdom, 
1904, p. 481. 
Protocardium Jiillanum, var. umkioelanensis, E. Etheridge, 
Anderson's " Second Report, Geol. Surv. Natal and Zululand," 
1904, pi. 1, fig. 6, p. 79. 
Observations.- — -Four specimens have been referred to this species 
which, although very imperfect and possessing considerably fractured 
tests, retain sufficient of the sculpture to enable the present deter- 
mination to be made with every degree of accuracy. They are quite 
as large as some of the adult forms occurring at Blackdown, and, like 
them, are slightly less in height than length. If anything, those 
from Africa may be rather more coarsely ornamented, but according 
to Forbes, Stoliczka, and others, examples from European localities 
cannot be separated from those found in more distant areas such 
as India, Africa, &c., and that whatever slight variations may exist 
are more or less common to the shell wherever it is collected. 
The shell is characterised by its sub-circular contour, the closely 
arranged concentric grooves and cost^e which ornament the anterior 
surface of the valve, and the oblique posterior area which bears 
a dozen or more acute, elevated, longitudinal ribs divided by 
prominent sulcations. Both the concentric and the longitudinal 
plications are finest at the umbo, but afterwards become (very gradu- 
ally, however) more pronounced as they reach the ventral margin. 
Roughly, the valves show a measurement of about 50 mm. in length, 
45 mm. in height, and 15 mm. in diameter, their broken margins 
preventing a greater accuracy with regard to these dimensions. 
The species was originally described from the Blackdown beds of 
England, where it occurs in large numbers, but it is also found in 
the succeeding Cenonianian stage of the Cretaceous and in some 
countries is even recorded as high up as the Senonian. 
Distribution. — 
England. — Albian [Ammonites rostratus zone), and Cenomanian 
[Jukes-Browne] . 
France. — Cenomanian and Turonian (Orbigny). 
Germany. — Cenomanian (Lower Quader and Lower Planer) 
Geinitz. 
Austria. — Turonian (Gosau Beds), Zittel. 
Italy (S.). — Cenomanian (Seguenza). 
