New and Interesting South African Mosses. 
189' 
and it is possible, therefore, to determine its true position and relation- 
ships. 
The capsules are numerous, frequently produced in each leaf axil for 
a considerable portion of the stem ; the seta is uniformly about 1 mm. long ; 
the perichaetia are very short, so that they may be considered truly axillary 
(not terminal on an axillary branch) ; the bracts vary considerably in 
length, sometimes very little exceeding the vaginula, sometimes much 
longer, and reaching to or beyond the capsule. The fruit would therefore 
undoubtedly come under C. Mueller's head " f ructus in ramo brevissimo," 
and if this character be of any value the Cape plant must be referred to 
F. JDillenii C. M. and kept separate from F. julianus. What, then, is the 
value of this character ? It is discounted, surely, at the beginning by the 
fact that both forms of inflorescence are attributed to F. julianus by 
the authors of the 'Bryologia Europaea,' who distinctly state " flos femineus 
in ramis nunc elongatis et frondiformibus, nunc abbreviatis et microphyllis. 
terminalis," and these two forms are actually figured (Tab. 108, figs. 7, 12). 
This would surely be sufficient to negative the value of the character, but 
as it might be suggested that the authors had confused two species, I have 
examined as many fruiting specimens as possible and the result has been 
entirely to confirm the statement of the ' Bryologia Europaea.' Among the 
northern specimens of F. julianus at Kew I find on the rare fruiting 
specimens most of the capsules having the very short, almost leafless, 
perichaetia, but a few show the elongate, foliose axillary branchlets with 
terminal capsules. For the most part these occur on separate plants, but 
in at least one plant of Drummond's (doubtless a North American specimen) 
there are numerous capsules of the first kind, and one at any rate borne on 
the elongate foliose branchlet upon the same plant. 
Precisely the same thing occurs in a specimen in my herbarium of 
F. mollis (C. M.) Broth., from Monte Video, coll. Gibert ; on one and the 
same stem there are many of the elongate foliose ramuli bearing terminal 
capsules and several of the axillary, " sessile " perichaetia. Clearly, there- 
fore, the value of the character as a specific difference disappears, and there 
is nothing to separate the southern plant, which has been described as. 
F. Berterii C. M. and F. Billenii C. M. in Chile, etc., F. cafensis C. M. in 
S. Africa, and F. Muelleri Hampe in Australasia, from the widely distributed 
F. jidianus. 
C ALYMPEEAC E AE. 
8yrrTioiJodo7i ohliquirostris C. M. Kaapsche Hoop, Transvaal, 1915 ; 
coll. H. A. W, (No. 288), c. fr. Agrees well with specimens in the Britisk 
Museum collection. 
S. uncinifolius C. M. Near Hogsback, alt. 4-6000 ft., Tjumie, CP.,. 
1916; coll. Hend. (No. 197). This appears to agree, in its differences from; 
