It is not (lilVicuIt to iiiulcrstancl how all these grafts are different, if you remember the vascular 
systems (or glands) arc dilTerent in each scion. The cellulose or assmnlated sap .n each graft passes 
through the others and is precisely the same; but the secreting glands being imlike, the combination 
for each fruit is different in each. One graft may become unfruitful without affecting the others. It 
is the same in the strawberry runners. The vascular fruit producing system of one may change with- 
out alTecting the others, showing Ibe necessity of systematic selection and j-estriction in propagation. 
Now look at the tree. It has the same or- 
ganism but operated in a little different way. 
It takes its food from two sotirces, about five per 
cent, coming from the ground and ninety-fiye 
per cent, from tlie air. Its soil foods are dis- 
solved in water, sucked up by the roots and 
passed up through the center (if the tree by a 
force known as osmosis until it reaches the 
leaves which contain machinery correspondmg 
to that in our stomach, intestines, liver and 
lungs. When we burn two cords of wood we 
get a bushel of ashes. Wood and coal are car- 
bon. In the burning, the oxygen of the air 
chemically unites with the carbon of the wood 
and forms a gas known as carbim dioxide. 
Now the leaves have the ability to separate 
the oxygen from the carbon, throwing the for- 
mer back to the air and taking the carbon into 
the plant's system and combining it with the 
soil element's and making it into cellulose or 
elaborated sap which is nothing else than the 
plant's blood. Now this blood passes out of 
'he leaves, going downward towards the roots 
wnere are' stationed the workmen (called vas- 
cular bundles, but really glands'), taking oiit 
of the sap the materials for budding the wood, 
bark, leaves, roots, fruit buds and every part 
just as it does in the man. 
Now, the especial point to note is this. Any 
one of these different sets of workmen, glands, 
can be stimulated into especial activity and 
one part of the aniinal or plant can become 
strong and another part weak. Note iTiorc es- 
pecially that the set of glands which produces 
the vegetable part may be especially vigorous 
and that part which builds the seeds and fruit 
flesh may be weak in which case we should 
have a strawberry plant all going to leaves and 
runners without a corresponding amount of 
fruit. Then again, the fruit organs may be too 
vigorous and not supported by proper vegeta- 
ble parts in which case the fruit would lack 
size and quality. Now, since the object is to 
show how plants may be iinproved and the 
different parts strengthened so as to meet the 
requirements of man and since the analogies 
are so close and most people are somewhat fa- 
miliar with the anatomy of animals, there is no 
reason why the two structures cannot be used 
to make the matter clear. 
INDIVIDUALITY OF PLANTS. 
God never created two things just exactly 
alike. Man never made two things exactly 
alike. There are not two blades of grass or 
two grains of sand in the world exactly alike. 
There is an individuality about everything 
and all these are constantly changing. We 
greet our friends with, "How de do. How is 
your health and that of yotir family." We 
know that the physical organism is constantly 
changing. We are well this morning and sick 
lilts evening. 
Plants are identically the same. This week 
our plants ' are growing nicely in all their 
strength and vigor ; next week they encounter 
exhaustive work in pollen secretions and the 
gland system which does this work is over- 
taxed and made weak. Next the gland system 
which makes the seeds and puts into them the 
consolidated life germ is worked to exhaus- 
tion. Next comes the fruit flesh building 
glands. The great, luscious berry must be 
iniilt up and finished and when all this work is 
done, the plant so perfect and strong in its 
organism in early spring is wasted by the 
burden of fruitage. 
All the embryo organs are left, but they arc 
sorely depleted and weak, but by well directed 
3 
