R. M. Kellogg's Great Crops of 
BI-SEXUAl/ B 
Perfect flower. It has both stamens and pistils and 
therefore fruits alone without regard to the presence of 
other varieties. Insects carry pollen to pistillates. 
pistii^i,at:efi,owbr p. 
It has no male organs and produces no pollen, therefore 
must have a male (li) flower set every third row so wind or 
insects will carry pollen to it. 
tillage they are strengthened during the fall 
and if resources are abundant will have their 
machinery in the buds and foliage well up; 
but mark, it will not be equal to the first ef- 
fort. It will hardly repair all the damage re- 
sulting from the great strain. Now, another 
efifort; a good crop perhaps and the organism 
is strained further and again rebuilt during the 
summer and for a third time attempts to grow 
big berries, but alas, the machinery of the 
plant like the old and worn out engine will not 
respond to heavy work and when the crop is 
ended we may well say the plant's machinery 
is worn out and we plow it under. 
Why plow it under? If we clean out the 
alleys, runners will come out and root and we 
may renew the bed from these. They would 
be new plants possessing the same vascular 
system possessed by all the plants of that va- 
riety no matter in what parts of the world the 
individuals were scattered. 
Pity to the man who cannot be made to see 
that the gland system of an impaired and weak- 
ened plant is transferred to the new creation 
just as it is in the immediate plant from which 
it came. 
The soldiers of 1861 to 1865 lay on the cold, 
wet ground night after night often with scanty 
food in quality and quantity; they saw the 
horrible sights of battle when comrades were 
torn by shot and shell; they endured the long 
and painful marches and their whole nervous 
systems were utterly wrecked. No matter 
how they lived after peace was restored, their 
physical organism was broken and they could 
never regain their original strength. As a 
rule, those men live longest who live under the 
best environments or have the least strains 
and shocks which deplete the system. 
Plants are not an exception to the rule and 
since varieties are preserved by division it is 
of the utmost importance that the organism 
so divided shall be such as can respond to the 
generous treatment with equally generous re- 
turns. 
SEX IN PLANTS. 
All plants are male and female and have 
perfect se.xual organs with all the counterparts 
found in animals and fecundation takes place 
between them substantially in the same way. 
The seeds are the eggs of the plant and con- 
tain the two merged life germs kept in dor- 
mant state just as the germ in a bird's egg re- 
mains dormant until warmed by incubation. 
The seed is put in the ground where moisture 
and sunshine stimulate it into activity. Thus 
both develop and bring out the new beings af- 
ter their kind. 
The Stamen. 
(Mnle organ) 
PlsHl. 
(Female organ) 
The sexual organs of the strawberry enlarged to show 
the process of fertilization. The aiither of the stamen 
bursting, letting the pollen containing tlie male life germ 
' a" f ill out, lodging on Ibe stiyma of the pistil "a", where 
the life germ of male is carried by a tube thiough the style 
"b" to seed pod ':*r ovaries "c," where the female germ is 
located, and here the two life germs arc merged into one in 
the seed (egg). It is substantially the same process in all 
animal life. 
The fruit fiesh which we are after grows 
only as a substance for the seeds to develop 
in. The gland system which builds the fruit 
flesh cannot perform its work unless the seed 
forming glands prepare the way for the seed 
4 
