THE SWAMP FEVER OF HORSES.* 
John L. Todd, M.D. 
{Associate Professor of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal^ 
AND • 
S. B. WOLBACH, M.D. 
{Assistant Professor of Bacteriology in Harvard University.^ 
{Formerly Director of the Pathological Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital.) 
. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
I. Introduction. 
II. Nomenclature. 
HI. History and Distribution. 
IV. Etiology. 
V. Morbid Anatomy. 
A. Gross. 
B. Minute. 
VI. Symptoms and Course of the Disease. 
VII. Diagnosis. 
VIII. Treatment. 
IX. Histories of two Cases of Swamp Fever. 
X. Sub-inoculations from Cases of Swamp Fever. 
A. Horses. 
B. Other Animals. 
XI. Observations on Cases and on Sub-inoculations. 
XH. Cultures. 
XIII. Summary. 
XIV. Conclusions. 
XV. References. 
I. Introduction. — In many parts of the Canadian north- 
west provinces there exists a disease which is popularly 
called Swamp Fever. Its clinical features vary within wide 
limits, and it may run an acute or a chronic course. Conse- 
quently, it is not impossible that more than one disease may 
be included among the conditions usually diagnosed by Can- 
adian veterinarians as Swamp Fever. 
The disease is met with here and there throughout the 
northwest provinces from Winnipeg to Edmonton. It 
occurs most frequently in newly-settled, undrained districts, 
and especially in low-lying localities where horses are fed 
upon hay or grass from the sloughs or swamps. The cases 
* Received for publication Nov. 21, 1910. 
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