so THE OX AND ITS KINDRED 
as to the colour of the local representative of the 
animal. 
A third picture of the aurochs was introduced by 
Colonel Hamilton Smith in Edward Griffiths' English 
edition of Cuvier's Rcgne Animal^ published in 
London in 1827 under the title of The Animal 
Kingdom. The original picture from which the en- 
graving was made was copied from an oil-painting 
on wood purchased by Hamilton Smith from a 
dealer in Augsburg, and hence known as the Augs- 
burg portrait.^ This picture, which now appears to 
be lost, is believed to date from the first quarter 
of the sixteenth century, or a little earlier than 
Herberstein's first visit to Poland ; and there can 
be no doubt that it really represents an aurochs, 
this being confirmed by Hamilton Smith's descrip- 
tion of the picture, given in vol. iv. p. 415 of 
The Animal Kingdom, which runs as follows: It 
is a profile portrait of a bull without mane, but rather 
rugged, with a large head, thick neck, small dewlap, 
entirely sooty black, the chin alone white, and the horns 
turning forward and then upward like the bull of 
Romania, pale in colour with black tips. In the 
corner were the remains of armorial bearings and 
the w^ord Thur in golden German characters nearly 
effaced." 
This inscription renders it practically certain that 
the picture was taken from a Polish tur, or wild 
bull, although the opinion has been expressed that 
it was painted from a stuffed specimen, and not 
from a wild animal. With the exception of the 
parti-coloured horns and the absence of a light streak 
down the back (which might, however, have been 
* See Mertens, op. cit. p. 102. 
