DOMESTICATED BRITISH CATTLE 107 
prevails. The hair is dark (reddish) brown, usually 
broken with white; and very generally there is a 
uniform marking of the latter colour, extending along 
the belly, and forming a streak along the back. 
Their chests are well formed, with moderate dewlaps, 
and their beef is excellently marbled. The cows 
are exceedingly good milkers, giving a rich yellow 
cream. ... In this respect the cows of Glamorgan 
differ essentially from those of Hereford and North 
Devon, in which the attention of the breeders has 
been directed to grazing, and not to the dairy." 
In its retention of the primitive white dorsal streak 
the Glamorgan breed appears to show evidence of 
more or less direct descent from the aurochs. 
This same white dorsal streak was invariably 
present in the old type of longhorn, as it some- 
times is in the modern form. The fact that remains 
of longhorns have been dug up in ditches of 
mediaeval age in Cambridge is one of many pieces 
of evidence as to the antiquity of this rapidly 
waning breed. The old longhorns appear to have 
been a western type, extending over nearly all the 
plains of Ireland and parts of the mountain districts, 
while in England their range reached from Lanca- 
shire northwards into Cumberland and Westmor- 
land, and southwards through Cheshire and Shrop- 
shire to the Severn district and parts of Somerset- 
shire, whence it extended through the Midlands to 
Leicestershire and Derbyshire. One of the last 
herds was kept at Hardendale, in Westmorland, 
but there were others a few years ago in the Isle 
of Man and in Norfolk. The prevailing colour of 
the old breed was black and reddish brown, with 
more or less white on the body, and invariably the 
