CHAPTER VI 
MODERN CONTINENTAL CATTLE AND THE 
ANCIENT BREEDS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN 
COUNTRIES 
T^HE breeds and sub-breeds of domesticated 
1 cattle of different parts of the European 
continent are so numerous, and in many cases so ill- 
defined, that in this volume it is possible to mention 
only some of the more important and best-known 
types. 
In the preceding chapter it has been mentioned 
that the cattle of Brittany and Normandy approxi- 
mate to the Channel Islands type; and this notice 
must suffice for these breeds. 
It was also mentioned in the same chapter that 
white, whitish grey, or greyish white, and frequently 
polled, cattle are common in parts of Scandinavia, 
especially in the mountainous districts of northern 
Sweden, where they are represented by the fjdll breed. 
According to Professor Sundbarg,^ this breed, which 
is often marked with black spots on a white ground, 
is the oldest in the country, and is known to have 
been in existence towards the close of the thirteenth 
century. At an unknown date reddish yellow-horned 
cattle of larger size were introduced, which in the 
north invaded much of the territory occupied by the 
^ Sweden^ its Population and its Industries, 1904. 
