124 THE OX AND ITS KINDRED 
the line of the back-bone, and in some cases also 
on the under-parts ; while there is usually a cream- 
coloured ring round the muzzle, the latter being very 
dark. The grey dorsal streak is doubtless another 
case of the inheritance among domesticated cattle of 
the light line of the aurochs. Brown Swiss were first 
imported into the United States in the year 1869. 
The Simmenthal, or parti-coloured, breed, also 
known as the Friburg, has its head-quarters in the 
Simmen Valley, in the canton of Friburg, and is thus 
a south-western type. In general appearance these 
cattle recall shorthorns, but have longer heads and 
necks, the colour being black and white, liver and 
white, or lemon and white. 
A very different type is presented by the cattle of 
the Roman Campagna, which are large, silver-grey 
animals, with a white dorsal stripe, usually a pale 
ring round the eye, and a straight profile. These fine 
cattle are generally admitted to be related to the 
long-horned breeds of Hungary and Podolia ; and it 
has been suggested that they are descended from 
herds brought from those countries by the Longo- 
bards about the year 600 A.D., the chief basis for this 
opinion being the absence of representations of 
Campagna cattle from the ancient Roman sculptures. 
From the evidence of a fossil skull of somewhat 
peculiar type found in a deposit of the Stone-Bronze 
Age in the Italian province of Brescia, Dr. Max 
Hilzheimer^ has, however, been led to conclude that 
the Campagna cattle are descendants of a race of the 
aurochs. The skull of that race already referred to 
•^"Die italienschen \\zm,\AQ.XQ,^'' Korrespoiidenz-Blatt. der Deutsch. 
Ges. fiir Anthropologies Ethnologic und Urgeschichte, vol. xxxix. Nos. 
9-12, 1908. 
