MODERN CONTINENTAL CATTLE 129 
while the lower portions of the legs show more or less 
white. In oxen and cows, on the other hand, the coat 
is paler — often approaching white — and whole- 
coloured. The horns of the bulls, which are beauti- 
fully shaped and symmetrical, are long and somewhat 
doubly curved, with an outward, upward, and finally 
backward direction ; they are black towards the tips, 
but elsewhere greyish white. Those of cows are much 
more slender, with a more pronounced backward in- 
clination at the tips. Longest of all are those of oxen, 
which may measure fully five feet from tip to tip. 
The bulls of the Hungarian strain are heavier 
animals, with a fuller dewlap than those from 
Transylvania. 
On account of their poor flesh-forming and milk- 
yielding qualities, these handsome cattle are being 
rapidly replaced in their native country by breeds of 
a more ordinary, but more profitable, type; and it is 
to be feared that, with the exception of specially 
preserved herds, they will disappear in course of 
time. The possibility, or rather probability, of these 
cattle having a cross of humped blood must not 
be overlooked, this being referred to in a later 
paragraph. 
In the presence of a strongly marked fawn-coloured 
dorsal streak the otherwise black fighting bulls of 
Spain carry decisive evidence of their more or less 
direct descent from the aurochs. 
Spanish cattle are represented by three more or 
less distinct breeds — the northern Gallego and 
Navarra, the central or Castilian, and the southern 
or Andalucian. Of these, the Gallego and Navarra 
type is distinguished by its generally yellowish fawn 
or pale chestnut colour, the large upwardly and back- 
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