156 THE OX AND ITS KINDRED 
carry large humps, while the cows are grey or white. 
In both sexes the long horns are yellowish in colour, 
and curve in a bold regular sweep outwards and 
backwards, and then forwards and inwards, some- 
what after the fashion of those of a waterbuck. In 
all cases the hump is of moderate size and non- 
pendulous. Mysore humped cattle are divided into 
two types, namely, the inferior Nadudana, or village 
cattle, and the Doddadana, or high-class cattle. The 
latter include the Amrat Mahal, Hallikar, Chitral- 
drag, Alumbadi, and other well-known breeds, all of 
which are specially adapted for fast roadwork, as 
they are quick, very high-spirited, and have ex- 
tremely hard feet. Another distinct type is formed 
by the Ongole, or Nellore, cattle, of the east coast 
of Madras, to the west of Masulipatam. These are 
very large and handsome cattle, extremely docile and 
suitable for heavy, steady draught. In colour they 
are black and white and pure white, the latter hue 
being now most esteemed, although formerly black 
and white was preferred, except in the bullocks ; the 
horns are small. Lastly come the Gaini, or dwarf, 
cattle, sufficiently characterised by their diminutive 
size, the adult bulls often standing not more than 
three feet at the shoulder. 
In regard to zebu that have escaped from control 
in India, Dr. Jerdon ^ wrote as follows : " In many 
parts of the country small herds of these have run 
wild. Localities are recorded in Mysore, Oudh, 
Rohilkund, Shahabad, etc., and I have seen and shot 
one in the Doab near Mozuffurnugger. These, 
however, have only been wild for a few years. Near 
Nellore, in the Carnatic, on the other hand, there is 
^ The Maf)iinals of India ^ London, 1874, p. 134. 
