HUMPED CATTLE OF ASIA AND AFRICA 159 
that portion of Kordofan lying to the southward of 
Khartum, on the White Nile, and forming the 
territory of the Hassanieh tribe, that long-horned 
cattle are met with. Here such cattle are found in 
large herds on the open plains. They are large 
animals, for the most part light-coloured in Sennar, 
between the Blue and the White Nile, but generally 
dark in the Hassanieh territory on the White Nile. 
In the photograph on Plate XV of a long-horned 
ox from the Blue Nile, taken by Captain Stanley 
Flower, the colour is dark, and the large horns are 
directed mainly upwards and outwards in a slight 
and uniform curve. The dewlap starts from the 
under surface of the lower jaw; and the tail-tuft is of 
medium size. Other cattle from the same district 
are light-coloured or parti-coloured, with larger 
tail-tufts, and shorter and more outwardly-directed 
horns. 
The Bagara tribes of the Berbera district of Nubia, 
as well as the Denkas and Shilluks of the White 
Nile in the neighbourhood of Fashoda, own cattle 
which are said to be very similar to those of ancient 
Egypt, but are characterised by the huge size of 
their horns. They are stated to be slightly-built 
animals ; the hump varies in size, being in some 
instances large, and in others almost obsolete. All 
the cattle of the Shilluk tribe are smaller than those 
of the other two ; but the Bagaras and Denkas also 
possess a short-horned breed. 
The cattle of the Nuer tribe, to the south of the 
White Nile, to the south-west of Sobat, are huge, 
heavily-built beasts, with somewhat lyrate and 
doubly-curved horns of great size, which are inclined 
markedly forwards, with a slight backward direction 
