HUMPED CATTLE OF ASIA AND AFRICA 165 
its presence, that when only a few days old, on being 
loosed from the calves' stall, it runs first under the 
nose of the cow before approaching the udder. This 
fact is recognised by the natives, who do not attempt 
to milk the cow until it has begun to lick the calf. 
In the event of a young calf dying, the Masai skin it, 
stuff the skin with straw, and when about to milk the 
cow, place the distended calf's skin under the cow's 
nose. In cases where it is impossible to bring a 
calf's skin to the mother at milking time, the Masai 
women often succeed in obtaining the milk by a 
subterfuge perhaps peculiar to themselves. 
" Each Masai brands his cattle with his special 
mark, which, in the event of cattle being lost or 
stolen, is easily recognised, and prevents dispute as 
to the owner. The cows are milked twice a day — 
in the morning and in the evening." 
The Botlitli and the Makololo, as well as the 
natives of Barotsiland, likewise formerly owned great 
herds of long - horned cattle. The Botlitli cattle 
were found in the neighbourhood of Lake Ngami ; 
and in 19 10 the British Museum received the skull 
and horns of a specimen of the Ngami breed which 
is now on the verge of extinction, as the result of the 
ravages of the rinderpest. This ox was the property 
of Mr. R. A. Bailey, the resident magistrate at Tsau, 
Ngamiland, by whom the skull and horns were 
presented to the museum. It had to be slaughtered 
on account of age, and is believed to have been the 
sole representative of its kind in the district. There 
was a hump on the withers, and the colour was red, 
without any admixture of white, except on and near 
the front fetlocks. The horns are enormous, their ex- 
panse being 8 feet 5 inches, and the length of one horn 
