EXISTING KINDS OF WILD CATTLE 203 
it is only the old bulls of the typical Javan race that 
develop a black coat, the cows and steers, as well, of 
course, as the calves of both sexes, being red. This, 
however, is not all, for in the Burmese representa- 
tive of the species, locally known as the tsaine or 
hsaine, and technically as B. soiidaicus binnanicus^ the 
adults of both sexes are, at least for the most part, 
tawny. So distinct, in fact, is the tsaine from the 
typical bantin that, unless intermediate forms exist, 
there are considerable grounds for regarding it as a 
species by itself. 
Unfortunately, both the typical bantin and the 
tsaine are, at the time of writing, very badly repre- 
sented in the exhibition galleries of the British 
Museum, where, apart from skulls and horns, only 
heads of adult bulls are shown. In consequence of 
this it is difficult to say whether tsaine have the white 
rump-patch characteristic of the bull Javan bantin ; 
no such feature is, however, mentioned in the following 
description of a bull of the former. 
Bantin and tsaine resemble gaur in having the 
lower portion of the legs white, and also in the 
presence of a ridge on the withers, although this 
is less developed than in the latter. The most 
characteristic feature of the species is, however, the 
presence in adult bulls of a mass of horny skin on 
the upper part of the forehead connecting the bases 
of the horns, and passing imperceptibly into their 
structure. The horns themselves are less compressed 
and more nearly circular than those of the gaur, and 
are frequently very rough and thrown into partial 
ridges or folds. Their tips are strongly inclined 
inwards, and generally also show a more or less 
marked backward trend ; while, as mentioned in an 
