EXISTING KINDS OF WILD CATTLE 243 
cows, although some may have been young bulls. 
The cow shot was khaki-coloured, with the sparse 
hairs rufous, and the lower portions of the legs 
similar in colour to those of the bulls. Numbers of 
skulls of this race are to be seen among the piles 
accumulated by the Yala people at the entrance of 
their villages, but the heaps also contained skulls of a 
larger buffalo. A cow of this larger form was killed 
by Captain Galloway, near Amachi, twenty-eight 
miles distant from the spot where Mr. Thompson shot 
his two dwarf specimens. At the end of December 
1909, or the beginning of the following January, 
Mr. Thompson killed, out of a herd of fifteen, a bull 
buffalo much larger than the Yala race. All the 
members of the herd were of a uniform dark rufous 
colour, with the lower portions of the legs some- 
what lighter. These larger buffaloes stand from 8 to 
10 inches higher at the shoulder than the Yala race. 
The idea that there are two races of buffaloes in this 
district is confirmed by the natives of the country. 
The small Yala buffaloes evidently represent a 
race in which the bulls are black and the cows dun, 
thereby affording another connecting-link between 
black and red buffaloes. 
Yet another type of short-horned buffalo is the 
Lake Chad buffalo {B. c. bracJiyceros), definitely 
known only by the skulls of a bull and cow brought 
home from the Bornu country in the early part of 
last century by the explorers Denham and Clapperton. 
The skull of the bull is characterised by the shortness 
and generally small size of the horns, which are 
separated from one another by a wide gap in the 
middle line of the forehead, and show no distinct 
expansion at the base. The basal half of the horns 
