259 
rately worn teeth of O. bicornis P. 4 has a double anticrotchet and a 
minute crista, but in at least some old individuals these features have 
disappeared, and the tooth is worn to a pattern very similar to the 
individual before us. 
Measurements. 
Fourth upper premolar, length '045^' 
1. » width -054 
First upper molar, length -060 
,, ,, „ width 067 
PROBOSCIDEA. 
ELEPHAS (LOXODON), L. 
The most interesting and significant specimens in the collection 
are two very well preserved elephant's teeth, which, though not in 
absolutely the same state of abrasion, are yet probably the right and 
left third lower molars of the same individual, the difference in the 
amount of wear being not so great as may often be observed between 
the two sides of the same jaw. 
Elephas (Loxodon) ZULU, sp. nov. 
(Plate XVII., Fig. 6; Plate XVIII.) 
In view of the notoriously difficult task of determining the species 
of elephants from isolated teeth, it will serve a useful purpose to intro- 
duce the description of these Zululand specimens by a translation of 
Pohlig's general remarks upon this question. 
" General Crozvn-forms. — -These must be regarded as at least as " 
" important, perhaps in some cases more important, a criterion for the " 
" systematic division of the Proboscidea as the number of lamelke. " 
" The general distinctions in the crown-forms of the low-crowned " 
" E. meridional's, E. p/anifrons, from the high-crowned E. indiais" 
E. pri7nigenius, and especially E. antiqims, E. naviadicns, and" 
E. africanus, are well known; the former may be contrasted, as" 
" Tapinodiscai elephants, with the latter, or Hypselodiscal. . . . Like-" 
" wise Falconer emphasised the distinction between the narrow and " 
" broad crowned forms as a specific character ; to the former, which " 
" may be termed Angnsticoronate, belong E. africanus, E. aniiqtms, " 
"and E. namadicus, while to the Laticoronate forms belong the" 
" Tapinodiscai and the remainder of the Hypselodiscal species. " 
" A further difference consists in the greater or less thickness of the " 
" enamel plates ; as Pachyganal teeth may be instanced the Tapino- " 
" discal forms, and, in general, most of the Hypselodiscal species also, " 
"with the exception of the Mammoth, which is Qs.'^^zx^S^y Endioganal. " 
" L. Adams has pointed out that the last-mentioned characters " 
" are not always constant in the same species. . . . 
" Fr. Cuvier's separation of E. africamts, as the subgenus" 
" Loxodon with rhombic lamellar pattern, from E. indicus as the " 
"typical representative of the genus Elephas scnsii stricto, was ex-" 
